关键词: 乡村类型, 乡村性指数, 乡村性评价, 乡村性强度, 广东省

Abstract:

This paper combines the relation theories of regional economics, development economics mathematical model, the theory of regional sustainable development and human geography, and takes the Guangdong Province as the research object and its 67 cities as research units. The data is collected from Guangdong Province Statistical Yearbook. According to the industry GDP of Guangdong Province, this paper classifies the rural development types. By establishing the rurality evaluation index system and using the method of analyzing the relevant regional economy,mathematical model analysis method, and ArcGIS, this research estimates the rurality index (RI) about 67 counties area of Guangdong Province in 2001, 2005, 2009 and 2013, and then divides the counties into five types by the degree of rurality index. Currently, both rural development and urban development in China are experiencing a transition period. Assessing the rurality and making the development direction clearer is helpful to promote the balancing urban-rural development and new countryside constructions. This article masters the spatio-temporal variation characteristics of rural development in Guangdong Province in recent 10 years. Furthermore, the authors try to analyze the causation of spatial differentiation of rurality. Rural development depends on the change of its influencing factors, such as social and economic development, the changes of population structure, opening to the outside. So, the rural development types classified in this paper cannot always keep the same situation, at least the quantitative change occurs momently. The results showed: Firstly, the 67 counties in Guangdong Province are divided into four types of rural development: agricultural leading rural, industrial leading rural, service leading rural and balanced development rural. Among them, the balanced developmental rural areas in each year is the largest, agricultural leading rural areas reduce year by year, industry leading areas is in the state of fluctuation change, business travel service rural areas is relatively stable. Secondly, the average of rurality index (RI) of each county of Guangdong Province fall down from 0.60 in 2001 to 0.34 in 2013, the lowest rurality index for industry leading country, the highest for agricultural leading country, the biggest change is balanced developing country. Thirdly, this article divides the counties of Guangdong Province into five types such as the weakest rurality, weaker rurality, moderate rurality, stronger rurality and the strongest rurality. In recent 10 years, the area of the weakest rurality and weaker rurality countries are greatly increased, the area of moderate rurality countries are increased and then it shows a declining trend, stronger rurality countries reduce greatly, while the strongest rurality countries gradually disappear. Fourthly, the changes of rurality index level of rural development types differs from each other, among them, the agricultural leading and industry leading countries decrease steadily, the travel service leading countries experience a steady stage and then fall down, the balanced developing countries decrease considerably.

Key words: rural development types, rurality index, rurality evaluation, rurality level, Guangdong Province