基于Landsat遥感影像的海上油气平台提取与监测

doi:10.13284/j.cnki.rddl.002921

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 监测海上油气平台的开发有着巨大的经济和军事意义。针对可见光遥感影像数据源丰富的特性，提出了一种适用于Landsat系列中等分辨率的光学影像的海上油气平台的提取监测方法。首先将TM/ETM+/OLI影像进行几何校正、辐射校正、图像增强以及区域掩膜等系列预处理，其次采用多滑动窗口动态阈值遍历影像初步识别疑似油气平台，然后应用相邻时期3景影像基于像素级别的叠合判定以去除薄云以及舰船的虚警干扰，筛选出最终的油气平台，以马来西亚与文莱交界的南海海域为实验区，通过1991―2016年共21景Landsat影像，动态监测该区域近25 a来油气平台开发的历史过程，共检测66个油气平台，通过与ALOS PALSAR数据人工识别的油气平台进行对比验证，结果表明：该方法提取的检测率为82.67%，正确率达到86.11%。监测结果显示：该海域油气平台开发主要集中在20世纪90年代之前，而后近海油气新增开发平台较少，开发主要向远离陆地的深海方向扩展。

关键词: 遥感, 油气平台, 影像识别, 滑动窗口, 南海海域

Abstract: The monitoring of the development of offshore oil and gas platforms has great economic and military significance. According to the characteristics of remote sensing image data, a method for extracting and monitoring offshore oil and gas platforms was proposed based on the Landsat series optical images with medium resolution. Firstly, series pretreatments including geometric correction, radiometric correction, image enhancement, and area mask were performed on the TM/ETM+/OLI images. Secondly, images were traversed using multiple sliding windows with dynamic thresholds to recognize suspected oil and gas platforms. Finally, oil and gas platforms were screened by laminating 3 pixel-level images of consecutive periods to get rid of false alarm interference of thin clouds and the ships. In this work, the South China Sea at the junction of Malaysia and Brunei was studied with a total of 21 Landsat images from 1991 to 2016. The historical development process of the oil and gas platforms in the area in recent 25 years was dynamically monitored, and a total of 66 oil and gas platforms were detected using the proposed method. To evaluate the accuracy of the results, the oil and gas platforms in ALOS and PALSAR images were manually identified. The results showed that the platform extraction rate was 82.67% and the correction rate was 86.11%. Based on the features of highlight and invariant position of targets, the method was able to detect oil and gas platforms from complex backgrounds. It was found that distribution of oil and gas platforms could be determined by superimposing 3 images of good quality and of consecutive time series. As Landsat satellite images of a high time resolution for a long time span are available in the archives, it is possible to conduct dynamic monitoring of the historical development process of the oil and gas platforms. This effectively compensates for that SAR images cannot be used in long-term dynamic monitoring. However, as in this method, false alarm caused by clouds is mainly removed by image overlaying, when there are many clouds in the optical images, not much area can be used for monitoring, making image utilization rate low and the correction rate of oil and gas platform recognition reduced. Therefore, there are some deficiencies with the monitoring method as it is influenced by the image cloud. Images with fewer clouds should be chosen as far as possible to monitor oil and gas platforms. Monitoring results in the South China Sea at the junction of Malaysia and Brunei showed that: offshore oil and gas platforms were mainly developed in 1990s; after that, not many offshore oil and gas platforms were developed, but the deep sea far away from the land was focused on for oil and gas platform development.

Key words: remote sensing, the South China Sea, oil and gas platform, image superimposing, multi-sliding window

赵赛帅，孙超，王海江，成王玉. 基于Landsat遥感影像的海上油气平台提取与监测[J]. 热带地理, 2017, 37(1): 112-119.

ZHAO Saishuai，SUN Chao，WANG Haijiang，CHENG Wangyu. Extraction and Monitoring of Offshore Oil and Gas Platforms Based on Landsat Imagery[J]. TROPICAL GEOGRAPHY, 2017, 37(1): 112-119.

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