热带地理 ›› 2019, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (4): 553-561.doi: 10.13284/j.cnki.rddl.003148
• 专刊:无人机在生态学和地理学中的应用 • 上一篇 下一篇
王 悦1,2,练琚愉2,张昭臣3,胡健波4,杨 骥5,李 勇5,叶万辉2
出版日期:
2019-07-10
发布日期:
2019-07-10
通讯作者:
练琚愉(1976—)女,广东人,副研究员,博士,研究方向为保育生态学,(E-mail)lianjy@scbg.ac.cn。
作者简介:
王悦(1991—),女,新疆人,硕士,研究方向为保育生态学,(E-mail)wangyue@scbg.ac.cn;
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0505802);中国科学院B类先导科技专项项目(XDB3103);广东省科技计划项目(2017B010117008)
Wang Yue1,2, Lian Juyu2, Zhang Zhaochen3, Hu Jianbo4, Yang Ji5, Li Yong5 and Ye Wanhui2
Online:
2019-07-10
Published:
2019-07-10
摘要:
森林冠层和林窗的结构及其时空变化是理解森林生态系统格局、动态变化过程的重要基础。在当前生物多样性监测倍受关注的契机下,如何以合适的手段准确描述林窗面积、分布等特征,并与森林固定样地监测数据有效地结合,更好地回答群落构建的理论问题,使森林群落物种多样性维持机制得到更全面的认识,是目前亟待解决的问题。以鼎湖山南亚热带常绿阔叶林20 hm2固定监测样地为研究对象,基于不同遥感影像提取方法对其林窗和林冠表层数据进行提取分析。结果表明:基于监督分类的提取方法适合RGB波段航片林窗的提取,在林窗分类中,应首先确定林窗高度、边界木与最小面积,不同分类方法差异主要表现在林冠分类中,林窗分类生产者精度和用户精度表现都较为一致。无人机航拍识别率受地形因素影响较大,在地形复杂林地应按坡度分区域进行飞行以降低误差。相对于地面调查,MD4-1000无人机航片的林窗识别率为98.7%;大疆Phantom4无人机航片的林窗识别率为72.3%,影像后期处理数据量小,同样适用于森林林窗定量研究,符合生态学、林业等从业人员对大型样地林窗长期监测的要求。无人机航拍南亚热带森林物种识别难度较大,基于MD4-1000无人机搭载的高分辨率相机,在地势平缓区域优选的4 hm2样地中可识别林冠表层物种数17种,共2 706个个体。搭载高分辨率无人机在降低飞行高度的基础上可进行部分物种识别。应用无人机近地面遥感对森林固定样地进行林冠监测,可为后期群落构建研究提供数据基础,有望从新的研究角度探讨森林群落物种多样性维持机制。
王悦,练琚愉,张昭臣,胡健波,杨骥,李勇,叶万辉. 基于两种无人机航拍影像的林窗和林冠提取分析[J]. 热带地理, 2019, 39(4): 553-561.
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