广东省沿海城市人工水产养殖基地变化——基于2015—2019年Sentinel-1数据的实证研究

doi:10.13284/j.cnki.rddl.003348

Abstract

Abstract:

Guangdong Province has the largest extent of coastal aquaculture in China. Quantitative analysis of the spatial distribution pattern and evolution trend of on-land artificial aquaculture bases in the coastal areas of Guangdong Province has great significance for exploring the sustainable development approach of freshwater aquaculture in the region. Based on the Google Earth Engine cloud computing platform, Sentinel-1 SAR imagery, and other data, this study extracted the artificial aquaculture bases of the 14 coastal cities in Guangdong Province from 2015 to 2019 using an object-oriented method, implemented quantitative analysis on its spatial distribution trend and high-density distribution area, and analyzed the relationship between these aquaculture bases and city economic growth. The classification results of the regular artificial aquaculture bases in this study showed that the extraction of aquaculture bases based on radar remote sensing imagery had high accuracy, with an overall accuracy of 90.5% and a kappa coefficient of 0.81. The results also showed that the total area of artificially regulated aquaculture bases in Guangdong Province had an upward trend from 2015 to 2019, with a net increase of 163.1 km². The three cities with the largest net area growth were Jiangmen, Zhongshan, and Guangzhou. Using a grid with 1 km resolution to study the density dynamics, the density of aquaculture land in most areas was found to have increased, especially in high-density areas. Among these, 80% of the artificial aquaculture bases were concentrated within 5 km of the coastline, and the bays and river inlets had the highest densities and largest areas of aquaculture land. A comparison of the distribution patterns among different cities showed that the cities with the most concentrated aquaculture land within the land boundary were Shantou, Chaozhou, Zhuhai, Zhongshan, Shenzhen, Zhanjiang, and Yangjiang, followed by Shanwei, Guangzhou, Jieyang, and Jiangmen, and that Maoming, Dongguan, and Huizhou were the least concentrated. In terms of economy, the proportion of aquaculture industry in the regional GDP declined in more than half of the cities, increased in only Yangjiang, and remained unchanged in the others. In addition to the fact that Guangdong Province's economic development focuses on secondary and tertiary industries, this result may also be related to the government's ongoing ecological restoration actions, which have restricted aquaculture land use. In general, aquaculture land in the coastal cities in Guangdong Province showed an overall trend of expansion. Moreover, the growth in area of regular aquaculture bases showed a significant correlation with the value of aquaculture production, further indicating that land expansion of artificial aquaculture bases continued to be the main method for increasing the value of aquaculture production in Guangdong Province. Such an expansion trend poses a great challenge to the distribution and sustainable use of wetlands, cropland, and urban land in the coastal zone.

Key words: aquaculture ponds, Sentinel-1, Google Earth Engine, Object-oriented classification, Guangdong Province

CLC Number:

TP79

Senwen Huang, Chunzhu Wei. Spatial-Temporal Changes in Aquaculture Ponds in Coastal Cities of Guangdong Province: An Empirical Study Based on Sentinel-1 Data during 2015-2019[J].Tropical Geography, 2021, 41(3): 622-634.

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模式	极化方式	入射角/（°）	分辨率	幅宽
干涉宽幅	HH+HV, VV+VH	31~46	5 m×20 m	250 km
波浪	HH, VV	23~37	5 m×5 m	20 km×20 km
条带	HH+HV, VV+VH	20~47	5 m×5 m	80 km
超宽幅	HH+HV, VV+VH	20~47	40 m×20 m	410 km

指数	公式	解释
矩形拟合度	Rectangular fit =（A_R-A_D）/A_O	Ao是原始对象的面积；A_R是等面积的矩形的面积（即A_O=A_R）；A_D是矩形外的对象的面积。矩形拟合度描述了一个图像对象与矩形的相似程度，图像对象与矩形越相似，数值越接近1。
长宽比	Length/Width=λ₁/λ₂	λ₁和λ₂分别是协方差矩阵较大和较小的特征值。长宽比描述了图像对象的长和宽的比值。图像对象越方正，数值越小。
边界指数	Border index=b/2（l+w）	b是图像对象的边界长度，l是图像对象的长度，w是图像对象的宽度。边界指数描述了一个图像对象的凹凸程度，图像对象锯齿状越明显，数值越高。
紧凑度	Compactness=l*w/P	l是图像对象的长度，w是图像对象的宽度，P是图像对象的像元个数。紧凑度描述了图像对象的紧凑程度，图像对象越紧凑，数值越小。

类别	参数
类别	矩形拟合度	长宽比	边界指数	紧凑度
方形池塘	>0.8	<1.5	—	—
矩形池塘	>0.8	>1.5, <5	≤1.5	—
连接的池塘	—	<5	—	≤5

	类别	人工判读结果
	类别	水产养殖用地	非水产养殖用地	行总计	用户精度
本文方法提取结果	水产养殖用地	90	10	100	90%
	非水产养殖用地	9	91	100	91%
	列总计	99	101
	生产者精度	91%	90%

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Spatial-Temporal Changes in Aquaculture Ponds in Coastal Cities of Guangdong Province: An Empirical Study Based on Sentinel-1 Data during 2015-2019

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