广州主城区建筑组合的类型、空间分布与影响因素

doi:10.13284/j.cnki.rddl.003349

Abstract

Abstract:

The study of urban building combinations is necessary to achieve sustainable urban development, as through such a study we can better grasp the process of urban development and evolution, guide the direction of future urban development, optimize the urban ecological environment, and improve urban livability. With the acceleration of China's urbanization process, the development and evolution of building combinations in China's urban areas are also gaining momentum. Therefore, it is of tremendous practical use to explore the laws related to mixed developments in urban areas to guide rational urban planning and the study of urban microclimates. The analysis is an important foundation for the development of urban landscapes and provides important scientific support for the optimization of the urban ecological environment and the improvement of livability levels. From the data on individual buildings in Guangzhou in 2017, this paper determined basic building combinations in the main urban area using two indexes for building height and building spacing, identified building combinations on a wider scale using a hot-spot analysis, and analyzed the spatial distribution of building combinations and the influence of macro and micro factors. Nine building combinations were identified on the basis of average height and spacing of building convergence surface. As the basic units, the nine basic types were further divided into different combinations to form complex and diverse three-dimensional representations of buildings in the main urban area. Building convergence surface with a scale of hundreds of meters constitute the basic unit of building combination in the main urban area, and are dominated by mixed land use types. The basic types, mainly composed of high-rise buildings, played an obvious role in indicating land use with differences in combinations of each functional area. The basic types of main urban areas have prominent circle differentiation, but the laws for the different types differ. Land price was the core constraining factor for the decrease in urban building height and population density from the urban center to the periphery, as well as the background factor related to differences in urban building combinations. The influence of green spaces, the Pearl River, and the main road on the type, height, and density of the building combination at a micro level complicated building combinations.

Key words: building combinations, height, spacing, circle distribution, land price, Guangzhou

CLC Number:

K928.5

Zitong Shen, Wu Sun, Jing Sun, Zhiqiang Qiao, Linlin Zhu, Ruikang Ouyang, Xiang Chen. The Types, Spatial Distribution, and Influencing Factors for Building Combinations in Guangzhou's Main Urban Area[J].Tropical Geography, 2021, 41(3): 540-553.

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建筑属性1	建筑属性2	相关性
建筑密度	建筑高度	-0.03
建筑密度	最高高度	0.28^**
建筑密度	高度离散度	0.11^**
建筑密度	算术高度	-0.08^**
建筑高度	最高高度	0.60^**
建筑高度	高度离散度	0.62^**
建筑高度	算术高度	0.87^**
最高高度	高度离散度	0.84^**
最高高度	算术高度	0.33^**
高度离散度	算术高度	0.32^**

基本类型		斑块		面积		高度/m	体积占比/%	单点建筑面积占比/%
基本类型		数量/个	占比/%	平均面积/m²	占比/%	高度/m	体积占比/%	单点建筑面积占比/%
间距≤10 m	a	549	13	27 012.00	15	6.32	7	89
	b	649	15	29 011.80	18	13.30	18	88
	c	71	2	25 654.95	2	29.00	4	91
10 m＜间距＜30 m	d	502	12	22 167.77	11	7.10	5	75
	e	1 085	25	24 895.11	26	16.22	26	71
	f	404	10	23 147.16	9	32.29	18	71
间距≥30 m	g	268	6	17 948.95	5	7.22	2	59
	h	426	10	19 287.86	8	17.08	7	59
	i	318	7	19 695.31	6	43.26	13	63

基本类型	平均矩形度	平均圆度	平均扁度
均值	0.485	0.190	0.387
a	0.595	0.218	0.357
b	0.552	0.169	0.357
c	0.591	0.257	0.336
d	0.468	0.182	0.415
e	0.442	0.135	0.387
f	0.441	0.119	0.401
g	0.431	0.245	0.417
h	0.431	0.214	0.403
i	0.417	0.173	0.411

基本类型	商业	城中村	城郊村	学术科研	居住	工业	混合	生态	老城区
a	6.3	17.7³	18.6²	4.9	2.5	7.6	24.9¹	12.5	5.0
b	10.4	14.3²	7.6	4.6	6.9	9.4	28.2¹	10.8³	7.8
c	28.7¹	5.1	0	6.2	24.1²	1.0	16.1³	9.2	9.7
d	7.0	9.7	8.1	4.7	1.5	19.4³	25.1¹	24.2²	0.4
e	8.2	5.7	2.9	12.1³	17.3²	9.4	29.8¹	10.6	4.0
f	16.5³	4.4	0.5	13.8	30.1¹	2.8	21.4²	6.2	4.2
g	8.7	6.1	6.5	11.4	5.5	16.5³	19.2²	25.4¹	0.7
h	5.9	3.1	2.9	27.7¹	10.1	8.2	23.8²	17.3³	0.9
i	23.1²	6.1	0.9	10.6	26.6¹	4.0	17.9³	7.7	3.2

类型组合	数量/个	数量/%	平均面积/m²	面积占比/%	前三位	前三位面积占比/%	高度/m	单点建筑面积占比/%
城中村+城郊村	94	7	191 183.35	14	a+d+b	81	7.83	69
城中村+混合	65	5	200 301.62	10	b+e+a	83	14.49	68
混合	591	46	81 001.05	37	e+b+a	61	15.19	64
居住+混合	80	6	113 857.57	7	e+b+f	83	17.65	60
居住+商业	223	17	107 857.23	19	f+e+i	77	28.58	58
生态+混合	104	8	115 960.20	9	d+a+e	79	8.66	63
学术科研	127	10	43 153.39	4	h+e+a	76	15.41	62

The Types, Spatial Distribution, and Influencing Factors for Building Combinations in Guangzhou's Main Urban Area

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