乡村振兴背景下广东省农村宅基地房屋特征

doi:10.13284/j.cnki.rddl.003426

Abstract

Abstract:

Since the reform and opening up, China has achieved great progress in industrialization and urbanization. However, due to the long-term implementation of the economic development model of "emphasizing cities over township" and the urban-rural dual system, the gap between urban and rural development is constantly increasing, and the problems of land resource allocation and contradiction between man and land in rural areas have gradually emerged. Rural homestead is the main place where farmers live, with unique land use characteristics. The information such as the structure and utilization status of houses on it can clearly reflect the local rural economic situation and homestead problems. Therefore, understanding the characteristics and differences of rural homestead housing is of great significance to understand and grasp the situation and problems of rural development and promote the implementation of rural revitalization strategy. Based on the rural cadastral survey data of Guangdong Province and combined with GIS spatial analysis method, this paper analyzes the characteristics of rural homestead housing. The results show that: (1) The rural housing in the study area is relatively low, mainly with one floor, supplemented by two and three floors, mainly brick and mixed structure, supplemented by concrete structure, and there is a certain correlation between the number of floors and the spatial distribution of the structure. Among them, the proportions of one storey house, brick structure and mixed structure house are 59.42%, 37.71% and 42.60% respectively. (2) There are obvious regional differences in the number of floors and structural spatial distribution of rural homestead housing in the study area. Low-rise, brick and mixed structure houses are mainly distributed in remote areas such as northern and western Guangdong, and high-rise and concrete structure houses are mostly concentrated in the Pearl River Delta. (3) The vacancy and idleness of rural homestead housing in the study area are common. The average vacancy rate and idle rate are 6.75% and 5.66% respectively, and the rate of one househould with multiple houses reaches 23.88%. The phenomenon of rural hollowing is obvious, and 50.87% of the villages in districts and counties are above the moderate hollowing, mainly distributed in the fringe area of the Pearl River Delta and Meizhou in northern Guangdong. At the same time, there is a certain phenomenon that the average household homestead area exceeds the standard. (4) The characteristics of rural housing utilization in Guangdong Province are affected by factors such as policies, economy, transportation, physical geographical condition and local customs. And the influencing factors in different regions are different, such as the special folk customs have a greater impact on rural housing in eastern Guangdong, and the economic situations and urban siphon have a greater impact on the characteristics of rural housing in the edge of the Pearl River Delta. There are obvious spatial differences in the utilization of rural homestead housing in Guangdong Province, and there are many idle homestead resources. There is great potential for the optimization and adjustment of rural construction land for rural revitalization.

Key words: rural homestead, rural housing, spatial characteristics, rural revitalization, Guangdong Province

CLC Number:

F321.1

Tao Xu, Ziyang Zhu, Huaxiang Ding, Jianneng Xiao, Yaolong Zhao. The Characteristics of Rural Homestead Housing in Guangdong Province Under the Background of Rural Revitalization[J].Tropical Geography, 2022, 42(1): 148-159.

Figures/Tables 12

Fig.1

Table 1

Utilization characteristic index of rural homestead housing

指数	计算公式	各参数含义
建筑高度占比	$P F H = H i N j$ （1）	式中： $H i$ 表示层高为 $i$ 的房屋总数； $N j$ 表示 $j$ 地区所有房屋总量
房屋结构占比	$P H S = S i N j$ （2）	式中： $S i$ 表示结构类型为 $i$ 的房屋总数
使用类型占比	$P H U = U i N j$ （3）	式中： $U i$ 表示使用类型为 $i$ 的房屋总数
容积率	$P R = ∑ t = 1 n A t C t P a$ （4）	式中： $A t$ 表示建筑物 $t$ 的占地面积； $C t$ 表示建筑物 $t$ 的层数； $P a$ 表示地块总面积。
一户多宅率	$M H L = L j M j$ （5）	式中： $L j$ 表示 $j$ 地区住宅大于一处的户数； $M j$ 表示 $j$ 地区总户数
户均宅基地面积	$H A P H = ∑ t = 1 n A t M j$ （6）	式中： $A t$ 表示建筑物 $t$ 的占地面积； $M j$ 表示 $j$ 地区总户数
空心率	$H R = n · P H U 闲置 + m · P H U 空置$ （7）	式中： $n$ 和 $m$ 分别表示各组分的权重值； $P H U 闲置$ 和 $P H U 空置$ 分别表示农村宅基地闲置率和空置率

Table 1

Table 2

Table 3

Fig.2

Fig.3

Fig.4

Fig.5

Fig.6

Table 4

Fig.7

Fig.8

References 0

	Botev Z I, Grotowski J F and Kroese D P. 2010. Kernel Density Estimation Via Diffusion. Annals of Statistics, 38(5): 2916-2957.
	程晔，卓献荣. 2019. 广东省乡村振兴战略实施思考. 农业工程，9（3）：116-120. [Cheng Ye and Zhuo Xianrong. 2019. Reflections on Implementation of Rural Revitalization Strategy in Guangdong Province. AgriculturalEngineering, 9(3): 116-120.]
	国家统计局. 2020. 中国统计年鉴-2020. 北京：中国统计出版社. [National Bureau of Statistics of China. 2020. China Statistical Yearbook. Beijing: China Statistics Press. ]
	洪德和，程久苗，吴九兴，费罗成，万亚胜. 2019. 农户宅基地退出意愿与行为转化研究——基于金寨县的实证. 中国农业资源与区划，40（6）：140-148. [Hong Dehe, Cheng Jiumiao, Wu Jiuxing, Fei Luocheng and Wan Yasheng. 2019. Research on the Exiting Willingness and Behavior Transformation of Rural Residential Land of Different Livelihood Types-Based on the Empirical Evidence in Jinzhai County. ChineseJournalofAgriculturalResources and Regional Planning, 40(6): 140-148.]
	姜绍静，罗泮. 2014. 空心村问题研究进展与成果综述. 中国人口·资源与环境，24（6）：51-58. [Jiang Shaojing and Luo Pan. 2014. A Literature Review on Hollow Villages in China. China Population Resources and Environment, 24(6): 51-58.]
	李裕瑞，刘彦随，龙花楼. 2010. 中国农村人口与农村居民点用地的时空变化. 自然资源学报，25（10）：1629-1638. [Li Yurui, Liu Yansui and Long Hualou. 2010. Spatio-Temporal Analysis of Population and Residential Land Change in Rural Chian. Journal of Natural Resources, 25(10): 1629-1638.]
	刘守英，熊雪锋. 2018. 经济结构变革、村庄转型与宅基地制度变迁——四川省泸县宅基地制度改革案例研究. 中国农村经济，（6）：2-20. [Liu Shouying and Xiong Xuefeng. 2018. Changes in Economic Structure, Village Transformation and Changes in Homestead System: A Case Study of Homestead System Reform in Luxian County, Sichuan Province. Chinese Rural Economy, (6): 2-20.]
	刘同山. 2018. 农村宅基地制度改革：演进、成就与挑战. 农林经济管理学报，17（6）：707-716. [Liu Tongshan. 2018. Reform of Rural Homestead System: Progress, Achievements and Challenges. Journal of Agro-Forestry Economics and Management, 17(6): 707-716.]
	Liu Yansui, Chen Cong and Li Yurui. 2015. Differentiation Regularity of Urban-Rural Equalized Development at Prefecture-Level City in China. Journal of Geographical Sciences, 25(9): 1075-1088.
	刘彦随，严镔，王艳飞. 2016. 新时期中国城乡发展的主要问题与转型对策. 经济地理，36（7）：1-8. [Liu Yansui, Yan Bin and Wang Yanfei. 2016. Urban-Rural Development Problems and Transformation Countermeasures in the New Period in China. EconomicGeography, 36(7): 1-8.]
	刘彦随. 2018. 中国新时代城乡融合与乡村振兴. 地理学报，73（4）：637-650. [Liu Yansui. 2018. Research on the Urban-Rural Integration and Rural Revitalization in the New Era in China. Acta Geographica Sinica, 73(4): 637-650.]
	刘彦随，周扬，李玉恒. 2019. 中国乡村地域系统与乡村振兴战略. 地理学报，74（12）：2511-2528. [Liu Yansui, Zhou Yang and Li Yuheng. 2019. Rural Regional System and Rural Revitalization Strategy in China. ActaGeographicaSinica, 74(12): 2511-2528.]
	刘震宇，张丽洋. 2011. 论农村宅基地使用权的取得. 海南大学学报（人文社会科学版），29（2）：47-51. [Liu Zhenyu and Zhang Liyang. 2011. Study on the Acquisition of Rural Residential Land Use Right. Humanities & Social Sciences Journal of Hainan University, 29(2): 47-51.]
	龙花楼，李裕瑞，刘彦随. 2009. 中国空心化村庄演化特征及其动力机制. 地理学报，64（10）：1203-1213. [Long Hualou, Li Yurui and Liu Yansui. 2009. Analysis of Evolutive Characteristics and Their Driving Mechanism of Hollowing Villages in China. ActaGeographicaSinica, 64(10): 1203-1213.]
	Long Hualou and Liu Yansui. 2016. Rural Restructuring in China. JournalofRuralStudies, 47: 387-391.
	陆大道，陈明星. 2015. 关于“国家新型城镇化规划（2014-2020）”编制大背景的几点认识. 地理学报，70（2）：179-185. [Lu Dadao and Chen Mingxing. 2015. Several Viewpoints on the Background of Compiling the "National New Urbanization Planning (2014-2020)". ActaGeographicaSinica, 70(2): 179-185.]
	罗其友，伦闰琪，杨亚东，马力阳，刘子萱，高明杰. 2019. 我国乡村振兴若干问题思考. 中国农业资源与区划，40（2）：1-7. [Luo Qiyou, Lun Runqi, Yang Yadong, Ma Liyang, Liu Zixuan and Gao Mingjie. 2019. Consideration on Several Issues of Implementing Rural Revitalization in Order. Chinese Journal of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, 40(2): 1-7.]
	罗邱戈，王婷，程叶青，张金萍，林丹，周向丽. 2021. 乡村振兴视角下海南省中部山区农户发展脆弱性研究——以保亭县陡水河村为例. 海南师范大学学报（自然科学版），34（2）：204-214，238. [Luo Qiuge, Wang Ting, Cheng Yeqing, Zhang Jinping, Lin Dan and Zhou Xiangli. 2021. Vulnerability of Rural Household Development of Central Mountainous Area in Hainan Province from Perspective of Rural Revitalization: A Case Study of Doushuihe Village, Baoting County. Journalof Hainan Normal University (NaturalScience), 34(2): 204-214, 238.]
	吕凤琴，陈世栋，袁奇峰. 2015. 都市边缘区农村集资房时空演进特征及驱动机制——以20世纪90年代广州白云区为例. 热带地理，35（5）：753-761. [Lyu Fengqin, Chen Shidong and Yuan Qifeng. 2015. Spatio-Temporal Patterns of Rural Jizifang in Urban Fringe and the Driving Mechanisms: A Case Study of the Baiyun District, Guangzhou. Tropical Geography, 35(5): 753-761.]
	孟光辉. 2016. 农户语境下的住房财产权与抵押登记问题. 中国土地科学，30（9）：90-97. [Meng Guanghui. 2016. Chinese Rural Household and Their Housing Property Mortgage Registration. China Land Sciences, 30(9): 90-97.]
	宋伟，陈百明，杨红，陈曦炜. 2008. 我国农村宅基地资源现状分析. 中国农业资源与区划，（3）：1-5. [Song Wei, Chen Baiming, Yang Hong and Chen Xiwei. 2008. Analysis on The Status Quo of Residence Base Resources in Rural Areas of China. Chinese Journal of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, (3): 1-5.]
	宋伟，程叶青，林丹，余珍鑫，罗邱戈，张金萍. 2020. 快速城镇化背景下乡村居民点时空演变及其驱动因素——以海口市为例. 经济地理，40（10）：183-190. [Song Wei, Chen Yeqing, Lin Dan, Yu Zhenxin, Luo Qiuge and Zhang Jinping. 2020. Spatio-Temporal Evolution and Driving Forces of Rural Settlements Under the Background of Rapid Urbanization: A Case Study of Haikou City. EconomicGeography, 40(10): 183-190.]
	孙一帆，吴昊，朱彤，刘浩学，何江李. 2018. 公路网对外交通可达性评价——以广东省为例. 长沙理工大学学报（自然科学版），15（2）：21-29. [Sun Yifan, Wu Hao, Zhu Tong, Liu Haoxue and He Jiangli. 2018. Accessibility Evaluation of Road Network to External Traffic: A Case Study of Guangdong Province. Journal of Changsha University of Science & Technology(NaturalScience), 15(2): 21-29.]
	Wang Yanfei, Liu Yansui, Li Yuheng and Li Tingting. 2016. The Spatio-Temporal Patterns of Urban-Rural Development Transformation in China since 1990. HabitatInternational, 53: 178-187.
	王少剑，方创琳，王洋，马海涛，李秋颖. 2013. 广东省区域经济差异的方向及影响机制. 地理研究，32（12）：2244-2256. [Wang Shaojian, Fang Chuanglin, Wang Yang, Ma Haitao and Li Qiuying. 2013. The Directions and Mechanisms of Regional Inequality in Guangdong Province. GeographicalResearch, 32(12): 2244-2256.]
	Yang Ren, Xu Qian and Long Hualou. 2016. Spatial Distribution Characteristics and Optimized Reconstruction Analysis of China's Rural Settlements during the Process of Rapid Urbanization. Journal of Rural Studies, 47: 413-424.
	Yu Huafei, Zhao Yaolong, Fu Yingchun and Li Le. 2018. Spatiotemporal Variance Assessment of Urban Rainstorm Waterlogging Affected by Impervious Surface Expansion: A Case Study of Guangzhou, China. Sustainability, 10(10): 3761.
	张怡然，邱道持，李艳，骆东奇，石永明. 2011. 基于效用函数的农村宅基地用地标准研究——以渝东北11区县为例. 资源科学，33（1）：120-126. [Zhang Yiran, Qiu Daochi, Li Yan, Luo Dongqi and Shi Yongming. 2011. Standards of Rural Housing Construction Land Based on the Utility Fuction: An Example of 11 Districts and Counties over Northeastern Chongqing Municipality. ResourcesScience, 33(1): 120-126.]
	郑殿元，文琦，王银，米欢. 2019. 中国村域人口空心化分异机制及重构策略. 经济地理，39（2）：161-168，189. [Zheng Dianyan, Wen Qi, Wang Yin and Mi Huan. 2019. Differentiation Mechanism and Reconstruction Strategy of Rural Population Hollowing in China. EconomicGeography, 39(2): 161-168, 189.]
	周文，赵方，杨飞，李鲁. 2017. 土地流转、户籍制度改革与中国城市化：理论与模拟. 经济研究，52（6）：183-197. [Zhou Wen, Zhao Fang, Yang Fei and Li Lu. 2017. Land Transfer, Reform of Household Registration System and Urbanization in China: Theoretical and Simulation Test. EconomicResearchJournal, 52(6): 183-197. ]
	朱琳，王铁霖，夏丹. 2021. 四川省县域乡村地域功能类型识别及乡村振兴路径研究. 热带地理，41（4）：870-880. [Zhu Lin, Wang Tielin and Xia Dan. 2021. The Identification of County-Level Rural Territorial Function Types and Research on Rural Revitalization Path in Sichuan Province. TropicalGeography, 41 (4): 870-880. ]

宅基地房屋利用特征		数量占比/%
房屋层高/层	1	59.42
	2	14.70
	3	18.09
	≥4	7.79
房屋结构	木结构	0.079
	砖结构	37.71
	混合结构	42.60
	砼结构	18.90
房屋使用类型	自用	85.74
	出租	1.85
	空置	6.75
	闲置	5.66

利用特征	指标	Moran's I指数	z值	p值
房屋层高/层	1	0.47	8.24	0.00
	2	0.33	5.80	0.00
	3	0.38	6.56	0.00
	≥4	0.73	13.52	0.00
房屋结构	木结构	-0.02	-0.33	0.74
	砖结构	0.47	8.02	0.00
	混合结构	0.40	6.91	0.00
	砼结构	0.61	10.58	0.00
房屋使用类型	自用	0.18	3.17	0.00
	出租	0.43	9.33	0.00
	空置	0.25	4.45	0.00
	闲置	0.21	3.74	0.00

类型	县区数量/个	面积占比/%	数量占比/%
重度空心化	13	16.32	11.40
高度空心化	20	21.12	17.54
中度空心化	25	27.99	21.93
轻度空心化	22	17.58	19.30
低度空心化	34	16.99	29.83

[1]	Xinghu Wei, Shujuan Liu, Xizhen Xu, Li Lei, Hongyan Zhou, Zhaoxiong Liang. Grading Standard for Determining Underground Soil Leakage in a Mountain with Karst Topography in the North of Guangdong Province [J]. Tropical Geography, 2021, 41(5): 1000-1008.
[2]	Yuyao Ye, Hong'ou Zhang, Qingchang Ren, Qinghua Gong, Danna Lyu, Zhengqian Liu, Shengfa Li. The Thought and Methodology of Ecological Restoration Planning of National Land Space at the Provincial Level: A Case Study of Guangdong Province [J]. Tropical Geography, 2021, 41(4): 657-667.
[3]	Junmin Zhang, Huihua Ruan, Jianhui Xu, Xiao'ai Dai, Yanping Zheng, Jinbiao Zhang. An XGBoost-Merging Method for High-Resolution Daily Precipitation Estimation for a Regional Rainstorm Event [J]. Tropical Geography, 2021, 41(4): 845-856.
[4]	Lin Zhu, Tielin Wang, Dan Xia. The Identification of County-Level Rural Territorial Function Types and Research on Rural Revitalization Path in Sichuan Province [J]. Tropical Geography, 2021, 41(4): 870-880.
[5]	Senwen Huang, Chunzhu Wei. Spatial-Temporal Changes in Aquaculture Ponds in Coastal Cities of Guangdong Province: An Empirical Study Based on Sentinel-1 Data during 2015-2019 [J]. Tropical Geography, 2021, 41(3): 622-634.
[6]	Jihong He, Bing Sun, Zhaowan Shi, Shuixing Luo, Xu Wang, Lei Chen, Ying Xiong, Jun Lin, Nancai Pei. Proposing a Conceptual Framework for Ecotourism Based on Pro-Poor Tourism Strategy in Lechang City, Guangdong Province [J]. Tropical Geography, 2021, 41(3): 645-655.
[7]	Mengyuan Su, Jialong Wu. Impact of Comprehensive Land Consolidation Rehabilitation on Ecosystem Services: A Case Study of the Shazai Island, Jiangmen, Guangdong Province [J]. Tropical Geography, 2021, 41(1): 159-166.
[8]	Zhu Ruan, Yaoqiu Kuang. Normalized Difference Vegetation Index Reconstruction of Cloudy and Rainy Areas Based on Weighted Smooth Spline: A Case Study of Guangdong Province [J]. Tropical Geography, 2020, 40(6): 1051-1062.
[9]	Xiaojun Wang, Guangxu Liu, Tong Xiao. Suitability Characteristics of Camellia oleifera Growth under Climate Change Scenarios [J]. Tropical Geography, 2020, 40(5): 868-880.
[10]	Ziyu Wang, Kai Liu, Liheng Peng, Jingjing Cao, Yingxue Sun, Yuxin Qian, Shuyue Shi. Analysis of Mangrove Annual Changes in Guangdong Province during 1986—2018 Based on Google Earth Engine [J]. Tropical Geography, 2020, 40(5): 881-892.
[11]	Xuehan Dong, Jiangnan Li, Zixi Ruan, Yerong Feng. Influence of Low-Latitude Quasi-Biweekly Oscillation on a Persistent Heavy Rainfall Event in August 2018 in Guangdong Province [J]. Tropical Geography, 2020, 40(4): 752-764.
[12]	Lin Danchun, Tan Min, Liu Kai, Liu Lin, Zhu Yuanhui. Accuracy Comparison of Four Gridded Population Datasets in Guangdong Province, China [J]. Tropical Geography, 2020, 40(2): 346-356.
[13]	Huang Yongyuan, Zhu Shengjun, Wang Shaojian. Driving Force behind PM_2.5 Pollution in Guangdong Province Based on the Interaction Effect of Institutional Background and Socioeconomic Activities [J]. Tropical Geography, 2020, 40(1): 74-87.
[14]	Deng Qinghua, Xue Desheng, Gong Jianzhou. Behavior Characteristics of Food Shopping of Guangzhou Residents in the Age of Online Shopping [J]. Tropical Geography, 2019, 39(5): 780-789.
[15]	Wu Pinghao, Zhong Kaiwen, Hu Hongda, Zhao Yi, Xu Jianhui and Wang Yunpeng. Application of Sentinel-1A Data in Offshore Wind Field Retrieval within Guangdong Province [J]. TROPICAL GEOGRAPHY, 2019, 39(3): 357-364.

The Characteristics of Rural Homestead Housing in Guangdong Province Under the Background of Rural Revitalization

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

Like

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 12

References 0

Related Articles 15

Metrics

Comments

Recommended 0