韩国“新北方政策”对接“一带一路”倡议：机遇与挑战

doi:10.13284/j.cnki.rddl.003192

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

韩国“新北方政策”与“一带一路”倡议的对接合作为中韩两国带来了重要发展机遇。文章主要探讨韩国“新北方政策”的内涵及其与“一带一路”倡议对接的进展、机遇与挑战,得出双方对接的合作机遇主要在政策沟通、设施联通、贸易投资和资金融通4个方面,同时也存在着制度性风险、地缘风险和投资合作风险的三大挑战。在具体对接过程中,产业、金融、物流3个领域可能成为突破口。

关键词: 韩国, “新北方政策”, “一带一路”倡议, 对接合作

Abstract:

Moon Jae-in, the President of the Republic of Korea, proposed the New North Policy (NNP) following his election. During his visit to China, he expressed a willingness to combine the NNP with the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). Song Young-gil, the first Chairman of the Presidential Committee on Northern Economic Cooperation, paid a visit to Beijing afterwards to negotiate details with China. Currently, the circumstance on the Korean Peninsula is undergoing a dramatic change, providing an important opportunity for the combination of the NNP and BRI. Therefore, it is an appropriate time to discuss the content of the NNP and the progress of the combination of the NNP and BRI. The opportunities for bilateral combination consist of four major pillars: policy coordination, facility connectivity, unimpeded trade, and financial integration. However, challenges also exist, including institutional, geopolitical, and investment risks. It is necessary to take precautions against institutional risks and improve institutional cooperation mechanisms. In addition, potential risks should be avoided that may be caused by geographical factors, particularly fully considering the factors originating from the US. In terms of investment cooperation, strengthening cooperation mechanisms in construction and improving investment cooperation are necessary. However, third-party market cooperation could be integrated into “the Belt and Road” docking cooperation between China and South Korea, expanding the scope of the cooperation between the two countries in industry, finance, and logistics. Regarding third-party market cooperation, the cooperation mechanism between China and South Korea also needs to be clarified; that is, how the countries would clarify and divide their responsibilities and jointly perform effective construction and cooperation in third-party countries. In the future, China and South Korea will have greater development prospects in policy docking and third-party market cooperation.

Key words: North Korea, the New North Policy, the Belt and Road Initiative, combining cooperation

中图分类号:

F125

庞加欣, 王灵桂. 韩国“新北方政策”对接“一带一路”倡议：机遇与挑战[J]. 热带地理, 2019, 39(6): 911-918.

Pang Jiaxin, Wang Linggui. Combining the New North Policy of Korea with “the Belt and Road”: Opportunities and Challenges[J]. Tropical Geography, 2019, 39(6): 911-918.

图/表 1

参考文献 24

[1]	박완규. 2017. 문재인정부 신북방정책. (2017-09-04)[2018-10-08]. http://www.sportsworldi.com/content/html/2017/09/04/20170904003272.html .
	[ Pu Guanyu . 2017. President Moon Jae-in Said: “The Government’s New Northern Policy. (2017-09-04)[ 2018-10-08]. http://www.sportsworldi.com/content/html/2017/09/04/20170904003272.html .]
[2]	이수현. 2018. 북방경제협력위원회 송영길 위원장에게 듣는 신북방정책”. (2018-03-05)[2019-08-05]. https://m.post.naver.com/viewer/postView.nhn?volumeNo=13523843&memberNo=4328593&vType=VERTICAL.
	[ Li Xiuxian . 2018. Song Yongji, Chairman of the Northern Economic Cooperation Commission, Listens to the New Northern Policy.(2018-03-05) [2019-08-05]. https://m.post.naver.com/viewer/postView.nhn?volumeNo=13523843&memberNo=4328593&vType=VERTICAL. ]
[3]	이광효. 2018. 박정 의원 "문재인 대통령 쇄빙 LNG선박 현장 방문29조원 야말 프로젝트 신북방정책”.(2018-01-03)[2019-07-03]. http://www.ajunews.com/view/20180103173127118 .
	[ Li Guangxiao . 2018. President Moon Jae-in Visited the Icebreaker Site for the 29 Trillion Won Year-end Project of the New Northern Policy," Park Said. (2018-01-03)[ 2019-07-03]. http://www.ajunews.com/view/20180103173127118 ]
[4]	曹爽 . 2010. 图们江区域跨国旅游合作研究. 延吉:延边大学.
	[ Cao Shuang . 2010. Research on Transnational Tourism Cooperation in Tumen River Area. Yanji: Yanbian University. ]
[5]	韩献栋 . 2009. 朝鲜半岛的安全结构. 北京: 中国社会科学出版社.
	[ Han Xiandong. 2009. The Security Structure of the Korean Peninsula. Beijing: China Social Sciences Press. ]
[6]	胡佳, 王开茹 . 2019. 地方政府跨国合作的动力机制与约束条件——“一带一路”背景下中国-东盟的案例研究. 地方治理研究 (2): 13-25, 78-79.
	[ Hu Jia and Wang Kairu . 2019. The Dynamic Mechanism and Constraints of Local Governments’ Transnational Cooperation: A Case Study of China-ASEAN under the Background of the Belt and Road Initiative. Journal of Jiangxi Administration College, (2): 13-25, 78-79. ]
[7]	黄鑫雨 . 2018. 政协委员贺强:应鼓励移动支付提升国际竞争力. (2018-03-09)[2019-07-03]. http://www.chinanews.com/gn/2018/03-09/8463336.shtml .
	[ Huang Xinyu. 2018. The CPPCC Member He Qiang: Mobile Payment Should Be Encouraged to Enhance International Competitiveness. (2018-03-09)[ 2019-07-03]. http://www.chinanews.com/gn/2018/03-09/8463336.shtml ]
[8]	李昌株 . 2018. 韩半岛新经济地图、“新北方政策”与“一带一路”对接方案研究. 东北亚经济研究, 2(4):70-77.
	[ Li Changzhu . 2018. Research on the “New Economic Map of the Korean Peninsula, the New North Policy” and “the Belt and Road” Docking Program. Northeast Asia Economic Research, 2(4):70-77. ]
[9]	联合早报. 2017. 文在寅:借四大合作方案让韩政策与“一带一路”对接. (2017-12-16)[2018-09-09].http://www.zaobao.com/realtime/china/story20171216-819417 .
	[ Lianhe Zaobao. 2017. Wen Zaiyu: Using the Four Major Cooperation Programs to Link the Korean Policy with “the Belt and Road”. (2017-12-16)[ 2018-09-09]. http://www.zaobao.com/realtime/china/story20171216-819417 ]
[10]	李洁 . 2016. 跨国合作园区:内陆城市经济突围新引擎. 决策,( 10):58-59.
	[ Li Jie . 2016. The Multinational Cooperation Park: The New Engine for Inland Urban Economy Breakthrough. Decision-Making, ( 10):58-59. ]
[11]	李理 . 2018. 宋永吉阐释韩“新北方政策”对接“一带一路”. (2018-04-23)[2019-07-06].http://news.takungpao.com/world/exclusive/2018-04/3563276_wap.html?from=singlemessage&isappinstalled=0 .
	[ Li Li. 2018. Song Yongji Explains South Korea’s “New Northern Policy” Docking “the Belt and Road Initiative”. (2018-04-23)[2019-07-06]. http://news.takungpao.com/world/exclusive/2018-04/3563276_wap.html?from=singlemessage&isappinstalled=0 ]
[12]	黎鹏 . 2006. CAFTA背景下中国西南边境跨国区域的合作开发研究. 长春:东北师范大学.
	[ Li Peng . 2006. Research on Cooperative Development of Transnational Regions in Southwest China's Border Area under the Background of CAFTA. Changchun: Northeast Normal University Dissertation. ]
[13]	Naver Dictionary. 2018. The Silk Road. (2018-05-05)[2019-03-02]. http://terms.naver.com/entry.nhn?docId=2119305&cid=43667&categoryId=43667 .
	[ Naver Dictionary. 2018. The Silk Road. (2018-05-05)[2019-03-02].http://terms.naver.com/entry.nhn?docId=2119305&cid=43667&categoryId=43667 .]
[14]	人民网. 2018. 朝韩领导人会晤并签署《板门店宣言》. (2018-04-28)[2018-12-12]. http://world.people.com.cn/n1/2018/0428/c1002-29955551.html .
	[ People’s Network. 2018. DPRK-ROK Leaders Meet and Sign the Panmunjom Declaration. (2018-04-28)[ 2018-12-12]. http://world.people.com.cn/n1/2018/0428/c1002-29955551.html .]
[15]	乌东峰 . 2015. 人民日报专题深思:“一带一路”的三个共同体建设. (2017-09-22)[2019-09-09]. http://opinion.people.com.cn/n/2015/0922/c1003-27616140.html .
	[ Wu Dongfeng. 2018. The People’s Daily’s Special Consideration: the Construction of Three Communities of “the Belt and Road”. (2017-09-22) [ 2019-09-09]. http://opinion.people.com.cn/n/2015/0922/c1003-27616140.html ]
[16]	王灵桂 . 2017a. “一带一路”: 理论构建与实现路径. 北京: 中国社会科学出版社.
	[ Wang Linggui. 2017a. “Belt and Road”: Theoretical Construction and Implementation Path. Beijing: China Social Sciences Press.]
[17]	王灵桂, 赵江林 . 2017b. 全球视角下的“一带一路”. 北京: 社会科学文献出版社.
	[ Wang Linggui and Zhao Jianglin . 2017b. “One Belt, One Road” from a Global Perspective. Beijing: Social Science Literature Publishing House. ]
[18]	王志民, 陈远航 . 2018. 中俄打造“冰上丝绸之路”的机遇与挑战. 东北亚论坛, 27(2):17-33,127.
	[ Wang Zhimin and Chen Yuanhang . 2018. Opportunities and Challenges for China and Russia to Create “Ice Silk Road”. Forum on Northeast Asia, 27(2):17-33, 127. ]
[19]	向群 . 2015. 打击跨国拐卖妇女儿童犯罪国际合作机制的完善——以大湄公河次区域云南边境一线为例. 武汉公安干部学院学报, 29(3):61-65.
	[ Xiang Qun . 2015. Improvement of the International Cooperation Mechanism against Combating Transnational Trafficking in Women and Children-Taking the Front Line of Yunnan Border in the Greater Mekong Subregion as an Example. Journal of Wuhan Public Security Cadre’s College, 29(3):61-65. ]
[20]	薛力 . 2018. 韩国“新北方政策”“新南方政策”与“一带一路”对接分析. 东北亚论坛, 27(5):60-69.
	[ Xue Li . 2018. Analysis of South Korea’s “New North Policy”, “New South Policy” and “One Belt, One Road”. Forum on Northeast Asia, 27(5):60-69. ]
[21]	薛力 . 2018. 文在寅政府“新北方政策”评析. 世界知识,( 9):73.
	[ Xue Li . 2018. An Analysis of the “New Northern Policy” of the Government. World Knowledge, ( 9):73. ]
[22]	亚洲新闻. 2015. 유라시아 이니셔티브. (2015-06-10)[2018-09-10]. https://www.rfa.org/korean/commentary/ae40d0dcc6b0-ce7cb7fc/ktwcu-06102015094658.html .
	[ Asian News. 2015. Eurasian Initiative.(2015-06-10) [ 2018-09-10]. https://www.rfa.org/korean/commentary/ae40d0dcc6b0-ce7cb7fc/ktwcu-06102015094658.html . ]
[23]	中国进出口银行. 2017. 进出口银行与韩国输出入银行签署《互惠风险参与协议补充谅解备忘录》. (2017-12-18)[2019-08-29]. https://news.zhaobiao.cn/trade_v_12589.html.
	[ China Exim Bank. 2017. The Export-Import Bank Signed a Memorandum of Understanding on the Reciprocal Risk Participation Agreement with the Korea Export-Import Bank. (2017-12-18) [2019-08-29]. https://news.zhaobiao.cn/trade_v_12589.html. ]
[24]	中国贸易新闻网. 2018. 中国信保与韩国贸易保险公社签署合作协议.(2017-12-19)[2019-06-30]. http://www.chinatradenews.com.cn/daiyan/201712/19/c8187.html .
	[ China Trade News. 2018. China Xinbao and Korea Trade Insurance Corporation Signed a Cooperation Agreement. (2017-12-19)[ 2019-06-30]. http://www.chinatradenews.com.cn/daiyan/201712/19/c8187.html ]

异同点	韩国“新北方政策”	中国“一带一路”倡议
差异点	?区域性的合作政策,服务于“朝鲜半岛新经济 ?地图”,追求韩国自身的发展	?全球性的合作倡议,谋求全球性的共商、共建和共享,是现阶段中国外交 ?政策的重点
相同点	?注重基础设施的联通,注重产业间的协同发展;涉及的沿线国家有重叠：蒙古、韩国、俄罗斯;不仅仅是上层中央之间的合作, ?也注重推动民间的多种形式的交流互动