热带地理 ›› 2020, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (2): 254-265.doi: 10.13284/j.cnki.rddl.003218
收稿日期:
2019-07-15
修回日期:
2020-01-06
出版日期:
2020-03-10
发布日期:
2020-05-15
通讯作者:
胡月明
E-mail:yueminghugis@163.com
作者简介:
林勋媛(1994—),女,广东人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为GIS在城乡规划中的应用,(E-mail) LINXunyuan1994@163.com。
基金资助:
Lin Xunyuan1, Wang Guangxing1, Hu Yueming1,2,3()
Received:
2019-07-15
Revised:
2020-01-06
Online:
2020-03-10
Published:
2020-05-15
Contact:
Hu Yueming
E-mail:yueminghugis@163.com
摘要:
以广州市中心城区为例,借助百度热力图、百度实时路况和百度地图POI数据,从中观层面多角度综合分析广州市中心城区就业与居住的空间分布关系。结果显示:1)工作时间段人口聚集的高值区整体呈带状分布,斑块较为细碎,但绝大部分集中在核心地带;人口主要高度集中于各区的商业繁华地段与交通线路周围。而休息时间段的高值区则相对集中分布,用地效率较高,表现出多中心的圈层结构;人口主要高度集中分布在传统的老城居住区和新开发的商业住宅区,与核心商圈相对错开。2)不管是在上班时段还是休息时段,人口聚集程度越高的地区,POI设施密度表现越显著;这意味着人口的聚集具有一定的选择性,主要集中在城市基础设施发展较完备的区域。3)广州市中心城区各街道的职住比介于0.73~1.54,职住相对平衡,区域之间差异较小。其中,分值较高的街道多分布于核心地带(主要集中在越秀区、荔湾区北部和天河区南部),分值较低的街道多分布于核心地带的外围或边缘地区(主要在海珠区、荔湾区和白云区零散分布)。4)从城市交通响应上看,广州市中心城区工作日内早高峰的拥堵度大于晚高峰,但总体路况变化跨度不大,区内并没有出现特别严重的“潮汐通勤”现象。
中图分类号:
林勋媛, 王广兴, 胡月明. 基于开放大数据的广州市中心城区职住平衡特征研究[J]. 热带地理, 2020, 40(2): 254-265.
Lin Xunyuan, Wang Guangxing, Hu Yueming. Characteristics of the Jobs-Housing Balance in Central Guangzhou Based on Open Big Data[J]. Tropical Geography, 2020, 40(2): 254-265.
表1
各行政区乡镇(街道)划分内容"
行政区 | 乡镇(街道) |
---|---|
越秀区 | 白云街道、北京街道、大东街道、大塘街道、登峰街道、东湖街道、光塔街道、洪桥街道、华乐街道、黄花岗街道、建设街道、矿泉街道、流花街道、六榕街道、梅花村街道、农林街道、人民街道、珠光街道 |
天河区 | 车陂街道、凤凰街道、黄村街道、猎德街道、林和街道、龙洞街道、前进街道、沙东街道、沙河街道、石牌街道、棠下街道、天河南街道、天园街道、五山街道、冼村街道、新塘街道、兴华街道、元岗街道、员村街道、长兴街道、珠吉街道 |
荔湾区 | 白鹤洞街道、彩虹街道、茶滘街道、昌华街道、冲口街道、东漖街道、东沙街道、多宝街道、逢源街道、海龙街道、花地街道、华林街道、金花街道、岭南街道、龙津街道、南源街道、桥中街道、沙面街道、石围塘街道、西村街道、站前街道、中南街道 |
海珠区 | 滨江街道、昌岗街道、赤岗街道、凤阳街道、官洲街道、海幢街道、华洲街道、江海街道、江南中街道、龙凤街道、南华西街道、南石头街道、南洲街道、琶洲街道、瑞宝街道、沙园街道、素社街道、新港街道 |
白云区南部 | 白云湖街道、鹤龙街道、黄石街道、嘉禾街道、金沙街道、京溪街道、景泰街道、均禾街道、三元里街道、石井街道、石门街道、松洲街道、棠景街道、同德街道、同和街道、新市街道、永平街道、云城街道 |
表2
工作时段、休息时段人口聚集程度与POI统计"
时段 | 人口聚集程度 | POI数量/个 | 面积/km2 | POI密度/(个·km-2) |
---|---|---|---|---|
工作时段 | 1级 | 444 | 50.068 | 8.868 |
2级 | 6 851 | 118.497 | 57.816 | |
3级 | 12 400 | 86.332 | 143.631 | |
4级 | 18 669 | 58.074 | 321.470 | |
5级 | 77 644 | 107.181 | 724.421 | |
6级 | 93 304 | 81.706 | 1 141.950 | |
休息时段 | 1级 | 1 536 | 73.540 | 20.887 |
2级 | 3 620 | 52.944 | 68.374 | |
3级 | 7 605 | 59.899 | 126.964 | |
4级 | 21 134 | 99.920 | 211.509 | |
5级 | 85 352 | 123.183 | 692.889 | |
6级 | 90 065 | 92.373 | 975.015 |
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