关键词: 碳排放, 效率, 江宁区, 企业

Abstract: Urban industrial activities are the core of human economic activities and one of the important sources of urban carbon emissions. Research on urban industrial carbon emission efficiency not omly helps to improve the indicators and statistical methods of industrial carbon emission verification and provide new theretical perspectives for carbon emission quota allocation in the future cap-and-trade system, but also has great practical significance for proposing targeted low carbon industrial strategies and urban carbon emission reduction measures. Taking Jiangning Economic and Technological Development Zone of Nanjing city as the case, by adopting some indicators of carbon emission intensity, water efficiency of per unit carbon emissions, comprehensive index of waste emission intensity of per unit carbon emissions, virtual water and embodied carbon of product, this paper compared and discussed the carbon emission efficiency of 27 types of industrial companies based on the data of 199 companies. The main conclusions are as follows: 1) There were obvious differnces among different types of companies. The average carbon emission intensity of 27 types of indistries was 0.35 t/104 Yuan, in which carbon emission intensity of Production and Supply of Electric Power and Heat Power was the highest (5.56 t/104 Yuan), while that of Manufacture of Measuring Instruments was the lowest (0.002 t/104 Yuan). 2) Although there was some relation between carbon emission efficiency and water resource utilization efficiency, industrial carbon emission efficiency was mainly determined by ecomonic output, manufacturing process and the type of raw materials and energies. 3) There was relatively large difference on embodied carbon and virtual water of per unit products of different companies, which is related to the technology level, specification, volume and production complexity of productions from different companies. The results showed that the embodied carbon and virtual water of automobile, ironstone, metal castings and motorcycle were much higher than those of other products. 4) There has certain relativity between carbon emission and the corresponding Three Wastes, in which the relativity between carbon emission intensity and the waste gas emission intensity was the highest. According to the integrated evaluation results, the Comprehensive Index of Waste Emission Intensity of Mining and Processing of Ferrous Metal Ores was the highest, that of Mining and Processing of Non-Ferrous Metal Ores and Manufacture of Metal Products the next, and that of Manufacture of Paper and Paper Products was the lowest. 5) In the future industrial carbon emission efficiency evaluation, carbon verification and carbon quota allocation, the carbon emission efficiency of companies, as well as the resources consumption and waste emissions, should be both considered. Based on this study, the indicators such as energy resources input and wastes discharge should be considered to establish the method of integrated carbon emission performance according to multi-factors during the whole life cycle of enterprises such as industrial carbon emission, economic output, resources consumption, wastes discharge, land use and exploitation efficiency and industrial carbon metabolism efficiency. Also, the allocation scheme based on integrated carbon emission performance evaluation should be established, which has great significance for the multi-objectives of carbon emission reduction, promoting resource-saving, changing production mode and strengthening environmental management and restoration.

Key words: carbon emission, efficiency, jiangning district, company