热带地理

热带地理 ›› 2021, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (2): 441-448.doi: 10.13284/j.cnki.rddl.003319

• 旅游地理 • 上一篇    

老龄化背景下候鸟旅游移民迁移驱动力 ——以三亚为例

段圣奎1,2(), 苏勤1()   

  1. 1.安徽师范大学 地理与旅游学院，安徽 芜湖，241000
    2.淮阴师范学院 历史文化旅游学院，江苏 淮安，223000
  • 收稿日期:2020-06-01 修回日期:2020-10-09 出版日期:2021-04-27 发布日期:2021-04-27
  • 通讯作者: 苏勤 E-mail:dsk70225@163.com;ahsuqin@263.net
  • 作者简介:段圣奎（1982—），男，江苏徐州人，博士研究生，副教授，主要研究方向为旅游文化地理、旅游消费移民，（E-mail）dsk70225@163.com；
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(41971189);教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金(19YJCZH027)

Driving Forces of Seasonal Migratory Retirees in the Context of Aging: A Case Study of Sanya

Shengkui Duan1,2(), Qin Su1()   

  1. 1.College of Geography and Tourism Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China
    2.School of History, Culture and Tourism, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an 223300, China
  • Received:2020-06-01 Revised:2020-10-09 Online:2021-04-27 Published:2021-04-27
  • Contact: Qin Su E-mail:dsk70225@163.com;ahsuqin@263.net

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摘要：

以三亚为例，基于对256位候鸟旅游移民的实地调研，采用因子分析及方差分析等方法，探讨了候鸟旅游移民迁移驱动力的结构、强度及群体差异。结果表明：1）三亚候鸟旅游移民经济收入和文化水平相对较高，但也存在显著的内部差异；2）三亚候鸟旅游移民迁移驱动力由风景环境、社会资本、社会象征、城市服务、生活方式、家庭氛围及健康养生等7个因子组成，其中，健康养生居得分最高，城市服务得分最低；3）与国外主要对“美好生活”的积极追求不同，三亚候鸟旅游移民多受年龄增长带来的健康问题所驱使；4）文章揭示了“旅游休闲—日常生活”这一动力连续体，反映了三亚候鸟旅游移民迁移驱动力的复杂性；5）不同性别、文化程度、年龄、旅居时间的三亚候鸟旅游移民迁移驱动力具有一定差异，尤其是不同文化程度及年龄，意味着收入水平、消费观念及健康状况的不同，对其驱动力影响较大，在社会资本方面区别显著。

关键词: 老龄化, 候鸟旅游移民, 退休迁移, 驱动力, 三亚

Abstract:

As a population migration phenomenon in the context of global mobility and an aging society, seasonal migratory tourism has become a new way of providing for the aged, with unique seasonal temporal and spatial characteristics. This study takes China's only tropical coastal tourist city, Sanya, as an example. Based on a field survey of 256 seasonal migratory retirees, it uses factor and variance analyses to explore the structure, intensity, and group differences in the driving forces of seasonal migratory retirees. The results show that: (1) the economic income and cultural levels of seasonal migratory retirees in Sanya are relatively high, although they are also polarized. (2) Seasonal migratory retirees in Sanya are composed of seven driving forces: landscape environment, social capital, social symbol, urban service, lifestyle, family atmosphere, and health preservation; health preservation is the predominant driving force. Among them, factors such as health preservation, social capital, and lifestyle are strong, while urban service factors are the weakest. (3) Unlike the active pursuit of "a better life" in foreign countries, seasonal migratory retirees of Sanya are driven by the health problems engendered by aging. Meanwhile, there are obvious differences in family attributes and economic motivation at home and abroad, and the social network in Sanya became a significant follow-up motive for their migration. (4) The article initially reveals the continuum of "tourism leisure-daily life", which reflects the complexity of migration's driving forces. (5) There are obvious differences in the driving forces of Sanya's seasonal migratory retirees of different genders, education levels, ages, and residence duration, especially regarding social capital. The research enriches the empirical and theoretical exploration of the tourism immigration research system. Further, it clarifies the migration motives and rules of the elderly, helps local government formulate relevant policies, and improves the quality of life and happiness of seasonal migratory retirees.

Key words: aging society, seasonal migratory retirees, retirement migration, driving force, Sanya

中图分类号: 

  • F590