热带地理

热带地理 ›› 2019, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (4): 597-603.doi: 10.13284/j.cnki.rddl.003158

• 专刊：无人机在生态学和地理学中的应用 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于无人机倾斜摄影技术的崩岗动态变化监测

江学顶，梁钊雄，周红艺，戴远锋，陈业昊   

  1. （佛山科学技术学院 环境与化学工程学院，广东 佛山 528000）
  • 出版日期:2019-07-10 发布日期:2019-07-10
  • 通讯作者: 周红艺（1977—），男，湖北利川人，博士，副教授，从事土壤侵蚀研究，（E-mail）zhouhyfs@163.com。
  • 作者简介:江学顶（1979—），男，博士，讲师，主要从事资源环境监测与生态评价研究，（E-mail）fsnhlzx@163.com；
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目（41371041）；华南花岗岩红壤区崩壁裂隙发育对崩壁稳定性的影响（41371041）

Dynamic Change Monitoring of Collapse Based on UAV Oblique Photograph Technique

Jiang Xueding, Liang Zhaoxiong, Zhou Hongyi, Dai Yuanfeng and Chen Yehao   

  1. （Foshan University School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan 528000, China）
  • Online:2019-07-10 Published:2019-07-10

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摘要：

利用无人机倾斜摄影技术，对德庆县马圩镇典型崩岗区域进行2016和2017年连续2年的动态监测，结合ArcGIS软件对数据进行处理分析，分析了崩岗在空间上的变化特征。结果表明：1）研究区域2017年崩岗总面积比2016年增加16 401.2 m2，变化率为10.21%，说明研究区的崩岗仍处于发育状态；2）研究区西南偏南方向的崩岗面积减少最明显，总体侵蚀最严重的坡向集中在南向；3）崩岗侵蚀最为强烈的部位发生在海拔高程51~60 m和81~90 m处，整体侵蚀呈现出中下部位大于上部位的现象；4）研究区崩岗近2年的年侵蚀体积量为1 172.68×103 m3。无人机航测数据的质量能够满足无人机摄影测量的规范要求，与传统调查方法相比时效性更高、更方便和成本更低。

关键词: 倾斜摄影, 崩岗侵蚀, ArcGIS, 无人机, 德庆县马圩镇

Abstract:

Oblique photograph technique can realize the modeling and texture acquisition of the top and side facades of the object simultaneously, and can generate a three-dimensional model more accurately than traditional orthophoto photography. Using the UAV oblique photograph technology, the previous, rear, left, right, and positive five flight routes were dynamically monitored in 13 sub-cavities in Qianqian Village, Deqing County, from 2016 to 2017. A total of 6 189 photographs were collected. Using Pix4Dmapper software for air triangulation, orthophoto images and DEM data were generated. TerraSolid software was used for filtering and classification of point cloud data to reduce the impact of vegetation on DEM accuracy. Using ArcGIS software for spatial analysis, quantitative parameters of the slope including slope direction, and different elevations of the collapse, were evaluated in order to determine the distribution of the collapse in time and space. The results show that: 1）Compared with 2016，the total area of collapse erosion in 2017 increased by 16 401.2 m2, with a change rate of 10.21%. This indicates that the collapse in the study area are still developing. 2) In the area with slope less than 40 degrees, the area of collapse in 2017 is larger than that in 2016, and the area of collapse in the range of 0-10 degrees increases the most. The area with the slope of 41 degrees to 80 degrees is just the opposite. 3) the area of collapse is the largest in SE-SW, and the slope of the collapse area in 2016-2017 is primarily located in S-SW, of which the slope area facing SSW is the most obvious, accounting for 21.98 % of the total reduction of the area of collapse. The slope with the most serious overall erosion was concentrated in the south; 4) the most strongly eroded parts are found at elevations of 51–60 m and 81–90 m; the reason for this is that the slope of this section is below 60°, indicating a strong runoff erosion ability Moreover, the slope is long and high, and is prone to collapse. At the elevation of 41-50 m, the volume of collapse in 2017 is larger than that in 2016, results from an increase in the thickness of the accumulation area; 5) The annual erosion volume amount of landslide material in the study area is 1 172.68×103 m3 for the two years studied. The quality of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV) measurement data can meet the specification requirements of UAV photogrammetry. It can be seen that the UAV oblique photograph technology is more accurate, more convenient, and less expensive than the traditional investigation methods. It can be applied to a wide range of erosion monitoring studies, and has broad application prospects in geological surveys and soil and water conservation planning.