热带地理 ›› 2020, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (5): 843-855.doi: 10.13284/j.cnki.rddl.003266
熊鹰1,2(), 侯珂伦1,2, 郑偲睿2, 张坤2, 杨天浩2, 赵丹丹3, 孙冰4, 陈雷4
收稿日期:
2020-02-12
修回日期:
2020-04-24
出版日期:
2020-09-28
发布日期:
2020-10-10
作者简介:
熊鹰(1977―),男,湖南汉寿人,教授,博士,主要从事城乡人居环境可持续发展研究,(E-mail)基金资助:
Ying Xiong1,2(), Kelun Hou1,2, Sirui Zheng2, Kun Zhang2, Tianhao Yang2, Dandan Zhao3, Bing Sun4, Lei Chen4
Received:
2020-02-12
Revised:
2020-04-24
Online:
2020-09-28
Published:
2020-10-10
摘要:
以农户福祉和生态系统服务关系为研究视角,选取地处南方丘陵山地重点生态功能区的广东省乐昌市的8个地形地貌相似、但发展存有差异的村庄为研究对象,基于实地调研、问卷访谈等,采用模糊综合评价法对其2005及2018年农户福祉发展水平进行综合评价;并利用结构方程模型,对农户福祉与生态系统服务之间的关系进行耦合分析。结果表明:1)2005—2018年,农户福祉水平各指标均有一定程度的提升,其中农户收入水平、居住条件等显著增加,其评价值分别由2005年的0.294和0.245增加到2018年的0.385和0.422,同时农户对生态保护的意识逐渐加强。2)农户对生态系统服务功能的认识程度整体呈上升趋势,特别是对文化服务功能的感知有较大的提升,其感知值由2005年的0.251增加到2018年的0.370。3)生态系统四大服务功能与农户福祉水平均存在一定的耦合关系,其中供给服务、文化服务与农户福祉的关系密切。4)加强提升生态系统的文化服务能力,大力发展“特色种植+林下经济+生态旅游”等低影响经济发展模式,有利于生态系统服务维护与农户福祉的提高,促进重点生态功能区生态环境和农村经济社会的持续发展。
中图分类号:
熊鹰, 侯珂伦, 郑偲睿, 张坤, 杨天浩, 赵丹丹, 孙冰, 陈雷. 基于结构方程模型的南方丘陵山地农户福祉与生态系统服务关系——以广东省乐昌市为例[J]. 热带地理, 2020, 40(5): 843-855.
Ying Xiong, Kelun Hou, Sirui Zheng, Kun Zhang, Tianhao Yang, Dandan Zhao, Bing Sun, Lei Chen. Relationship between Farmer's Well-Being and Ecosystem Services in Hilly and Mountainous Areas of South China Based on Structural Equation Model: A Case Study of Lechang in Guangdong Province[J]. Tropical Geography, 2020, 40(5): 843-855.
表1
乐昌市8个村受访农户基本信息表
项目 | 类别 | 人数 | 占比/% | |
---|---|---|---|---|
人 口 学 特 征 | 性别 | 男 | 229 | 52.05 |
女 | 211 | 47.95 | ||
民族 | 汉族 | 440 | 100.00 | |
少数民族 | 0 | 0.00 | ||
年龄/岁 | 18~30 | 78 | 17.73 | |
31~40 | 62 | 14.09 | ||
41~50 | 145 | 32.95 | ||
51~60 | 106 | 24.09 | ||
>60 | 49 | 11.14 | ||
受教育 程度 | 未上学 | 0 | 0.00 | |
小学 | 105 | 23.86 | ||
初中 | 176 | 40.00 | ||
高中 | 159 | 36.14 | ||
访 谈 信 息 特 征 | 农村居民收入来源 | 种植业收入(含经济作物、林果收入),旅游餐饮业收入,打工收入 | ||
人均年收入/万元 | 1.1 | |||
户均耕地面积/hm2 | 0.21 | |||
农民对耕地质量的 总体认识/% | 好 | 21.35 | ||
较好 | 69.79 | |||
较差 | 6.5 | |||
农民对人居环境的 总体认识/% | 差 | 4.69 | ||
一般 | 61.98 | |||
好 | 33.07 |
表2
农户福祉发展度量指标体系及2005与2018年福祉水平变化
功能性活动及指标 | 指标分量 | 平均值 | 模糊评价值 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2005年 | 2018年 | 2005年 | 2018年 | |||
生活(ξ1) | — | — | — | 0.261 | 0.317 | |
生活适应性(x1) | 生活适应性 | 4.216 | 3.968 | 0.549 | 0.574 | |
收入(x2) | 收入水平、收入稳定与来源 | 2.093 | 3.090 | 0.294 | 0.385 | |
消费(x3) | 消费水平、消费能力 | 1.675 | 3.177 | 0.279 | 0.317 | |
生活便利(x4) | 水电、交通、医院、上学、购物 | 1.617 | 3.058 | 0.225 | 0.330 | |
社会保障与福利(x5) | 医疗保险、养老保险、低保 | 1.927 | 2.134 | 0.191 | 0.261 | |
基础设施与生产资料(ξ2) | — | — | — | 0.234 | 0.251 | |
耕地数量、质量(x6) | 耕地数量、质量 | 3.644 | 3.790 | 0.412 | 0.429 | |
养殖种类与规模(x7) | 养殖状况 | 1.160 | 1.132 | 0.161 | 0.154 | |
资源可达性(x8) | 农业肥料购买与运输 | 2.057 | 2.910 | 0.213 | 0.290 | |
农田基础设施(x9) | 农田水利、道路 | 2.777 | 3.663 | 0.285 | 0.317 | |
健康(ξ3) | — | — | — | 0.412 | 0.436 | |
身体健康(x10) | 是否有疾病、能否正常劳动 | 4.178 | 4.378 | 0.435 | 0.460 | |
心理健康(x11) | 正常思考、认知能力 | 5.186 | 5.270 | 0.359 | 0.391 | |
饮食健康(x12) | 蔬菜和肉类消费 | 4.703 | 4.835 | 0.390 | 0.409 | |
期望寿命(x13) | 期望寿命满意度 | 6.160 | 6.028 | 0.530 | 0.527 | |
安全(ξ4) | — | — | — | 0.297 | 0.365 | |
粮食安全(x14) | 粮食产量和结构 | 3.374 | 3.646 | 0.310 | 0.334 | |
饮用水安全(x15) | 饮用水源和供给 | 5.009 | 5.130 | 0.388 | 0.403 | |
垃圾与污水处理(x16) | 垃圾与污水处理 | 3.266 | 4.096 | 0.262 | 0.317 | |
居住安全(x17) | 面积、结构、装修 | 2.432 | 4.586 | 0.245 | 0.422 | |
家庭关系和社区活动(ξ5) | — | — | — | 0.382 | 0.397 | |
家庭负担指数(x18) | 家庭负担满意度 | 3.444 | 3.718 | 0.273 | 0.298 | |
家庭关系(x19) | 家庭和睦、亲戚关系 | 5.803 | 5.827 | 0.488 | 0.493 | |
邻里关系(x20) | 融洽、愿意交往 | 5.707 | 5.484 | 0.419 | 0.491 | |
社区融入感(x21) | 社区融入感、认同感 | 5.172 | 4.331 | 0.390 | 0.373 | |
自由与选择权利(ξ6) | — | — | — | 0.312 | 0.325 | |
选举公平(x22) | 农村选举权、大事知晓 | 3.626 | 3.360 | 0.280 | 0.304 | |
补助补贴公平(x23) | 补助、补贴公平公正 | 3.345 | 3.339 | 0.353 | 0.375 | |
总模糊指数 | — | — | — | 0.298 | 0.387 |
表3
2005与2018年农户对生态系统服务感知的情况
生态系统服务 | 感知得分 | 感知指数 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2005年 | 2018年 | 2005年 | 2018年 | ||
供给服务(η1) | — | — | 0.404 | 0.449 | |
提供食物(y1) | 4.253 | 3.711 | 0.418 | 0.455 | |
提供非食物产品(y2) | 4.335 | 4.160 | 0.429 | 0.453 | |
提供水源(y3) | 3.690 | 3.847 | 0.376 | 0.386 | |
调节服务(η2) | — | — | 0.391 | 0.412 | |
防风(y4) | 4.351 | 4.709 | 0.425 | 0.437 | |
气候调节(y5) | 3.948 | 4.387 | 0.393 | 0.434 | |
水源涵养(y6) | 4.701 | 4.890 | 0.435 | 0.457 | |
控制侵蚀(y7) | 4.149 | 4.340 | 0.349 | 0.360 | |
文化服务(η3) | — | — | 0.251 | 0.370 | |
休闲和养生(y8) | 2.454 | 2.701 | 0.269 | 0.295 | |
生态旅游(y9) | 2.048 | 2.115 | 0.243 | 0.259 | |
支持服务(η4) | — | — | 0.380 | 0.406 | |
净化空气(y10) | 5.324 | 5.428 | 0.411 | 0.428 | |
保持生物多样性(y11) | 3.974 | 4.342 | 0.367 | 0.394 | |
森林碳汇(y12) | 4.915 | 5.016 | 0.376 | 0.409 | |
总体感知指数 | — | — | 0.356 | 0.417 |
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