社区营造进程中的乡村地方性建构特征与机制 ——以台湾中和社区为例
解芳芳(1992—),女,陕西泾阳,助理规划师,硕士,研究方向为城市规划与设计、城市社会空间,(E-mail)1548175987@qq.com; |
收稿日期: 2020-03-30
修回日期: 2020-07-16
网络出版日期: 2020-12-10
基金资助
国家社会科学基金项目(11BSH058)
国家社会科学重点基金项目(17ASH003)
2015/2016年度中英联合研究创新基金博士生交流项目(留金欧[2016]6045号)
Characteristics and Mechanism of Rural Placeness Construction in the Process of Community Empowerment: A Case Study of the Zhonghe Rural Community, Taizhong City
Received date: 2020-03-30
Revised date: 2020-07-16
Online published: 2020-12-10
以台湾中和社区为案例,采用访谈法与介入式观察法,通过社会建构与人文主义两种视角,关注宏观社会结构与个体行动者两种力量对地方性形成的影响,探讨了社区营造的地方性特征及其建构机制。研究表明:中和社区营造的地方性表现在都市近郊的区位、社区营造实践地点及活动、参与者与观光者的地方感3个方面;中和地方性建构过程则经历3个阶段:首先,弱地方性引起了社区营造参与者与广大社会的反身性;其次,在社区营造政策的推动下,社区营造参与者在日常生活中推动社区营造,促进地方性的生产与再生产;最后,地方性的营造结果吸引了社会资本与人力资本的再投入,强化了地方性的持续生产,并创造了进步的地方性,也间接强化了乡村自治能力。
解芳芳 , 孙洁 , 刘风豹 . 社区营造进程中的乡村地方性建构特征与机制 ——以台湾中和社区为例[J]. 热带地理, 2020 , 40(6) : 1039 -1050 . DOI: 10.13284/j.cnki.rddl.003269
With the shift to the "post-rural" study of rural geography, the mixture of urban, rural, and hybrid environments has become the focus of rural geography. Rural community empowerment, the active intervention of urban and rural elements, promotes the establishment of sustainable rural autonomy. Taking the Zhonghe rural community in Taizhong as its case, this paper discusses the influence of social structures and individual actors on the formation of placeness through the two perspectives of social construction and humanism, and it explores the construction mechanism of community empowerment. The results are as follows. 1) The placeness of Zhonghe community empowerment is reflected in the location of rural suburbs, the practice site and activities of community construction, and the sense of place of participants and tourists. 2) The process of placeness construction is formed by the interaction between social objects and behavioral subjects in three stages. 3) Weak placeness causes reflexivity in the behavior body and the social object, which constitutes the basis of community empowerment. 4) The government has established a mature operation mechanism to promote community empowerment, which participants also promote according to the needs of daily life. This, in turn, promotes placeness production and reproduction, forming a continuous process of community building. 5) The results of placeness construction attract the reinvestment of human and economic capital inside and outside the community, which ensures the sustainable power of community empowerment. 6) Through community empowerment, a sustainable, pluralistic, and global place is created in the rural environment, which cultivates a collective identity and community cohesion, indirectly strengthening the capabilities of rural autonomy.
表1 访谈对象统计Tab.1 List of interviewers |
编号 | 人数 | 对象名称 | 时间 | 地点 |
---|---|---|---|---|
A | 5 | 中和社区发展协会志工(居民) | 2017年3—6月 | 中和社区 |
1 | 中和里里长 | 2017年6月 | 中和里长办公室 | |
B | 1 | 中和社区规划师 | 2017年3—6月 | 中和社区 |
C | 1 | 台湾社区营造中心 | 2017年4月 | 台北台湾社区营造中心 |
2 | 南屯区社区营造中心 | 2017年4月 | 台中南屯区 | |
3 | 议员代表 | 2017年3—5月 | 中和社区 | |
1 | 社区营造辅导规划师 | 2017年5月 | 逢甲大学 | |
D | 1 | 信义房屋 | 2017年3月 | 中和社区 |
3 | 逢甲大学国际志工队 | 2017年6月 | 逢甲大学 | |
2 | 镇平小学老师 | 2017年5月 | 镇平小学 | |
4 | 其他个人参访者 | 2017年3月 | 中和社区 | |
1 | 圆梦计划志工 | 2017年5月 | 中和社区 | |
E | 3 | 周边社区居民 | 2017年5月 | 中和社区沿街商铺、枫树社区 |
4 | 社区居民(非社区发展协会成员) | 2017年5月 | 中和社区 | |
F | 1 | 涂鸦艺术家 | 2017年5月 | 中和社区 |
表2 中和社区营造项目和参与群体Table 2 List of Community empowerment participation groups in Zhonghe |
营造年份 | 营造项目 | 参与群体 |
---|---|---|
2013 | “柑仔店” | 理事长、社规师、协会志工 |
2014 | 社区报 | 理事长、社规师、协会志工 |
2014 | “米店” | 理事长、社规师、协会志工、社区大学生 |
2015 | “茶仔店” | 理事长、社规师、社区居民、协会志工、 居民、国际志工 |
2015 | 记录片 | 理事长、社规师、社区特色店铺居民、学生 |
2016 | 记录片 | 理事长、社规师、信义房屋 |
2016 | 座椅改造 | 理事长、社规师、镇平小学 |
2016 | 入口 | 理事长、社规师、社区老人、绘画老师、 木工达人 |
资料来源:根据访谈整理。 |
1 里是台湾的村级行政单位。
2 台中市南屯区公所,南屯区统计情况:http://www.nantun.taichung.gov.tw(访问时间:2017-04-01)。
3 市地重划是台湾省根据都市发展的需要,将都市计划范围内某些不符合经济使用的地块,依法予以重新整理。
4 传统乡村文化指乡村建筑风貌、乡村邻里生活、乡村生产行为等。
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