基于多源数据的广佛都市区城市引力结构特征分析
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占玮(1996—),男,江西九江人,硕士研究生,主要从事城镇与乡村规划研究,(E-mail)zhanwei@m.scnu.edu.cn; |
收稿日期: 2020-11-23
修回日期: 2021-02-02
网络出版日期: 2021-11-16
基金资助
国家自然科学基金项目(41771001)
广州市科技计划项目(201704020136)
Characteristics of the Urban Gravity Structure in the Guangzhou-Foshan Metropolitan Area Based on Multi-Source Data
Received date: 2020-11-23
Revised date: 2021-02-02
Online published: 2021-11-16
利用夜间灯光遥感数据和POI数据,采用断裂点分析法得出城市实体地域的范围大小。在此基础上引入交通便利系数和相对引力常量修正引力模型,分析广佛都市区内部各个城市实体地域间的引力强度和方向。结果表明:1)广佛都市区形成了以核心区为中心的“7+1”城镇体系结构;2)“七边形”正向城市体系结构围绕核心区域生成,“六边形”负向城市体系结构围绕西南区域生成,“西强东弱”格局明显;3)城市三角结构是广佛城市引力结构的基本单元,发展较好的城市组团为“核心区—顺德—南沙”“核心区—顺德—高明”“核心区—三水—花都”“核心区—花都—从化”,而“核心区—增城—南沙”和“核心区—高明—三水”组团则发展动能不足;4)广佛都市区引力势能大小及结构稳定与城市经济职能强度正相关。
占玮 , 陈朝隆 , 孙武 , 班鹏飞 . 基于多源数据的广佛都市区城市引力结构特征分析[J]. 热带地理, 2021 , 41(6) : 1292 -1302 . DOI: 10.13284/j.cnki.rddl.003401
As the endogenous driving force of regional development, the development of urban entities in metropolitan areas has a great influence on the development of the metropolitan areas, while the interactions between the urban entities' systems directly affect the metropolitan areas' development. Studying the relationship between urban entities in metropolitan areas and the basic development law of the structure between urban centers can provide some reference for the planning, development, and construction management of the urban centers and their surrounding areas in the metropolitan areas. Although the core entity territory of Guangzhou-Foshan has been contiguous, its development connection with the peripheral urban territories remains the focus of research. In the context of the synergistic development of the Bay Area, exploring the characteristic relationships between the urban territories in the Bay Area hinterland can provide a positive response to the sustainable development of the Bay Area cities. This study constructs a POI & NPP composite index by a mathematical mean method to determine the POI & NPP composite value and the number of urban centers; Based on the feature that the integrated data will produce abrupt changes at the boundary, the city's boundary extent is then analyzed using the fracture point analysis method. We then analyze the strength and direction of the gravitational force between the urban entities within the Guangzhou-Foshan metropolitan area by adding the modified gravitational force model based on the divided urban-entity territory and the POI & NPP composite index within the scope. The results show the following: (1) A "7+1" urban system structure centered on the core area is formed in the Guangzhou-Foshan metropolitan area. (2) A "heptagonal" positive urban system structure is generated around the core area and a "hexagonal." (3) The urban triangle structure is the basic unit of the Guangzhou-Foshan urban gravitational structure, while the better-developed urban clusters are "Core-Shunde-Nansha," "Core-Shunde–Gaoming," "Core-Sanshui–Huadu," "Core-Huadu-Conghua," "Core-Zengcheng-Nansha," and "Core." (4) The size and structural stability of the gravitational potential of the Guangzhou-Foshan metropolitan area are positively related to the intensity of the urban economic functions.
图3 广佛都市区城市中心结构联系(a. 城市结构联系;b. 正向联系;c. 负向联系)Fig.3 The structural connection of urban centers in Guangzhou-Foshan Metropolitan Area(a. Urban structural linkage; b. positive linkage; c. negative linkage) |
表1 2018年广佛都市区“7+1”城市中心的引力与城市引力势能Table 1 The gravitational force and urban gravitational potential of the "7+1" urban center in the Guangzhou-Foshan metropolitan area in 2018 |
| 分区 | 核心区 | 增城区 | 顺德区 | 三水区 | 南沙区 | 花都区 | 高明区 | 从化区 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 城市中心引力 | 核心区 | — | 5.973 | 109.665 | 14.395 | 17.515 | 80.604 | 10.630 | 4.696 |
| 增城区 | 0.097 | — | 0.033 | 0.007 | 0.020 | 0.047 | 0.006 | 0.089 | |
| 顺德区 | 5.919 | 0.161 | — | 0.376 | 1.566 | 0.359 | 0.638 | 0.102 | |
| 三水区 | 0.272 | 0.216 | 0.087 | — | 0.015 | 0.127 | 0.240 | 0.022 | |
| 南沙区 | 0.331 | 0.062 | 0.364 | 0.045 | — | 0.050 | 0.053 | 0.025 | |
| 花都区 | 5.758 | 0.279 | 1.109 | 0.669 | 0.261 | — | 0.264 | 0.515 | |
| 高明区 | 0.182 | 0.017 | 0.139 | 0.080 | 0.018 | 0.0467 | — | 0.013 | |
| 从化区 | 0.070 | 0.030 | 0.020 | 0.007 | 0.008 | 0.081 | 0.004 | — | |
| 城市引力势能 | 243.478 | 0.299 | 9.121 | 0.979 | 0.933 | 8.855 | 0.495 | 0.220 | |
图4 城市结构构成单位示意(a)、广佛都市区城市引力结构模型(b)Fig.4 Illustration of urban structure component unit (a), model of urban gravitational structure of Guangzhou-Foshan metropolitan area (b) |
表2 广佛都市区城市三角组团引力势能联系Table 2 Contact Form of Gravitational Potential Energy of Guangzhou-Foshan Urban Triangle Group |
| 城市三角组团 | 正向引力循环 | 负向引力循环 |
|---|---|---|
| 核心区—花都—从化组团 | 85.325 | 5.909 |
| 核心区—从化—增城组团 | 10.758 | 0.197 |
| 核心区—增城—南沙组团 | 23.55 | 0.448 |
| 核心区—南沙—顺德组团 | 128.746 | 6.614 |
| 核心区—顺德—高明组团 | 120.933 | 6.24 |
| 核心区—高明—三水组团 | 25.265 | 0.534 |
| 核心区—三水—花都组团 | 95.668 | 6.157 |
图5 2018年广佛都市区城市三角组团与城市经济职能强度对比Fig.5 Comparison of the intensity of urban triangle clusters and urban economic functions in the Guangzhou-Foshan Metropolitan Area in 2018 |
表3 2018年广佛都市区“7+1”城市各项社会经济指标与城市经济职能强度Table 3 Guangzhou-Foshan Metropolitan Area "7+1" city various socio-economic indicators and central function intensity in 2018 |
| 分区 | 地区生产总值/亿元 | 人均GDP/万元 | 公共财政收入均值/亿元 | 固定投资资产/亿元 | 消费品零售总额/亿元 | 城市经济职能强度 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 核心区 | 23 165.92 | 155.16 | 894.1 | 5 854.02 | 9 963.87 | 5.220 |
| 增城区 | 1 124.11 | 9.30 | 95.16 | 1 005.48 | 370.98 | 0.415 |
| 顺德区 | 3 163.93 | 11.90 | 235.78 | 1 101.98 | 971.89 | 0.771 |
| 三水区 | 1 227.95 | 18.57 | 62.44 | 799.02 | 240.68 | 0.396 |
| 南沙区 | 1 458.41 | 19.75 | 75.19 | 588.18 | 208.77 | 0.392 |
| 花都区 | 1 358.37 | 12.53 | 84.82 | 413.7 | 524.6 | 0.365 |
| 高明区 | 879.48 | 19.92 | 40.4 | 490.99 | 139.47 | 0.304 |
| 从化区 | 416.68 | 6.46 | 28.87 | 188.86 | 123.45 | 0.136 |

1 https://ngdc.noaa.gov/eog/
2 https://lbs.amap.com
3 https://www.openstreetmap.org/
4 https://data.gz.gov.cn/
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