珠三角地区生态系统服务簇权衡/协同网络及非线性阈值效应
李婷(1990—),女,广西全州人,讲师,主要研究方向为生态安全评价、土地资源开发利用与保护,(E-mail)liting@fosu.edu.cn; |
收稿日期: 2024-09-26
修回日期: 2024-11-21
网络出版日期: 2024-12-11
基金资助
国家自然科学基金青年项目(42201098)
广东省哲学社会科学规划面上项目(GD23CSH05)
Trade-off/Synergy Networks and Threshold Effects in Different Ecosystem Service Bundles of the Pearl River Delta Region
Received date: 2024-09-26
Revised date: 2024-11-21
Online published: 2024-12-11
非线性关系研究是理解生态系统及其与人类活动之间复杂交互作用机理的重要基础。综合运用InVEST、自组织映射神经网络、地理加权回归和限制性立方样条回归模型,刻画珠三角地区生态系统服务簇空间格局,明确不同服务簇中权衡/协同网络结构和非线性阈值特征,并据此提出差异化生态管控建议。结果表明:1)珠三角地区生态系统服务簇分5种类型,由中部向四周呈圈层分布:都市生态型-生态匮乏型-农业生态型-生态降温型-生态保育型;2)不同服务簇的权衡/协同网络中,碳储存与城市降温维持较稳定的协同关联,其他服务之间则存在明显差异;3)不同服务簇的非线性阈值效应中,生态保育型和生态匮乏型最强,农业生态型和生态降温型次之,都市生态型最弱。建议基于关键阈值划定差异化的重点管控区,并结合各服务簇内部关联机理制定针对性的分区管控策略。
李婷 , 李志文 , 陈登帅 , 李辉霞 , 徐皓帆 . 珠三角地区生态系统服务簇权衡/协同网络及非线性阈值效应[J]. 热带地理, 2024 , 44(12) : 2278 -2291 . DOI: 10.13284/j.cnki.rddl.20240636
Against the background of ecological civilization construction, optimizing the control of territorial spatial zoning has become an important issue in maintaining regional ecological security. Clarifying different ecological processes and mechanisms within and among different ecological functional zones is of great practical significance for formulating refined spatial ecological management strategies. So far, research studies have focused on delineating ecological functional zones and analyzing linear processes and mechanisms within them, with little discussion on the differences in internal mechanisms and nonlinear characteristics of different ecological functional zones. Thus, it is necessary to elucidate key differences in the internal mechanisms and nonlinear threshold effects among different ecological functional zones to provide a scientific basis for establishing a territorial spatial zoning management system. In this study, the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Trade-Offs model was used to evaluate ecosystem services in the Pearl River Delta region. Toward this, a self-organizing map was used to identify ecosystem service bundles, and geographically weighted regression and restrictive cubic spline analysis were used to clarify the key differences in trade-off/synergy networks and nonlinear thresholds among different ecosystem service bundles. Based on the results, suggestions for refined zoning and control of ecological spaces in the Pearl River Delta region are proposed. The results showed that: (1) In the Pearl River Delta, five different types of ecosystem service bundles are distributed in a circular pattern in space from the central to the surrounding areas: the urban-ecological, ecological-scarcity, agricultural-ecological, ecological-cooling, and ecological-conservation types. The ecological-conservation type accounted for 45.38% (the largest proportion), ecological-cooling for 32.80%, and ecological-scarcity for 10.73% of ecosystem service bundles; whereas neither the agricultural-ecological nor urban-ecological types accounted for more than 10%. (2) In the trade-off/synergy network of different ecosystem service bundles, the synergistic relationship between carbon storage and urban cooling remained stable, whereas the relationships between other ecosystem services showed significant differences. Among the five bundles, the trade-off/synergy interaction of the urban-ecological type was the strongest, followed by that of the agricultural-ecological and ecological-conservation types, whereas that of the ecological-cooling and ecological-scarcity types were relatively weak. (3) There were significant differences in the nonlinear threshold effects between the Multiple Ecosystem Services Landscape Index (MESLI) and six identified driving factors in the different ecosystem service bundles. In the ecological conservation and ecological scarcity types, the MESLI exhibited nonlinear relationships with all six factors and clear critical thresholds. The MESLIs of the agricultural ecological and ecological cooling types exhibited nonlinear relationships with elevation, night light, gross domestic product density, and population density, whereas that of the urban ecological type only exhibited nonlinear relationships with elevation and population density. (4) We suggest that decision makers use nonlinear thresholds as references to demarcate key control areas for each ecosystem service bundle, clarify their dominant mechanisms based on trade-off/synergy networks, and develop different control indicators in a targeted manner. In conclusion. this study identified key differences in trade-off/synergy networks and nonlinear threshold effects among different ecosystem service bundles and explored different ecological zoning and control strategies for the Pearl River Delta region, providing a theoretical basis and indicator references for refined management of territorial spaces in urban agglomeration areas.
表1 数据来源Table 1 Data source |
数据类型 | 分辨率 | 来源 |
---|---|---|
土地利用数据 | 30 m | 资源环境科学数据平台(https://www.resdc.cn/) |
DEM | 30 m | |
夜间灯光数据 | 0.004° | |
NDVI | 30 m | |
人口空间分布数据 | 1 000 m | |
GDP空间分布数据 | 1 000 m | |
潜在蒸散发 | 1 000 m | Potential evapotranspiration dataset(Peng, 2022) |
月降水量 | — | 中国气象数据服务中心(http://data.cma.cn/) |
碳密度数据 | — | 中国科学院生态学科数据中心(http://www.nesdc.org.cn/) |
土壤数据 | 100 m | 国家冰川冻土沙漠科学数据中心(http://www.ncdc.ac.cn) |
兴趣点(POI) | — | 高德地图(https://www.amap.com/) |
农作物产量 | — | 广东省统计年鉴。具体包括粮食(稻谷和花生)、水果(桔、香蕉、菠萝、荔枝和龙眼)、猪肉和淡水水产产量。 |
居民对生态系统文化休闲服务的偏好 | — | 线上、线下问卷调查。其中线上问卷通过问卷星在微信等平台发放,线下问卷则在公园、游乐场、商场等人流量较大的场所发放。调查内容为居民对自然风光、康养度假、文化历史、体育锻炼和生物多样性五类生态系统文化休闲服务的偏好情况。2022年7月至2023年2月面向珠三角地区居民共发放问卷477份(线上256份、线下221份),回收有效问卷435份,问卷有效率为91.2%。 |
表2 生态系统服务的计算方法Table 2 Calculation methods of ecosystem services |
服务 | 计算方法 | 原理和参数 |
---|---|---|
碳储存 | InVEST模型碳储存模块(Natural Capital Project, 2022) | (2) 式中:C(x)为每个栅格单元x的总碳储量;C above为储存在地上生物量中的碳量;C below为储存在地下生物量中的碳量;C soil为储存在土壤中的碳量;C dead为储存在死亡有机物中的碳量。单位:t/hm2。 |
城市降温 | InVEST模型城市降温模块(Natural Capital Project, 2022) | .2 (3) (4) 式中:CC i 为栅格i的制冷量,无量纲,取值范围 [0, 1];shade为荫蔽系数,表示与每个土地利用类型相关的树冠层(≥2 m高)的比例,取值范围 [0, 1];albedo为土地利用反射太阳辐射的比例;ETI为潜在蒸散发的归一化值;ET0为潜在蒸散发;ETmax为ET0的最大值;Kc 为作物系数。 |
产水量 | InVEST模型产水模块(Natural Capital Project, 2022) | (x) (5) =1 + (6) 式中:Y(x)为每个栅格单元x的年产水量,单位:mm;AET(x)表示栅格单元x的年实际蒸散量;P(x)表示栅格单元x的年降水量;PET(x)表示潜在蒸散量;ω表示自然气候-土壤性质的非物理参数。 |
生境质量 | InVEST模型生境质量模块(Natural Capital Project, 2022) | (7) 式中:Qix 为土地覆被类型x区域栅格i的生境质量,无量纲,取值范围[0,1];Hx 为生境适宜度;Dix 为土地覆被类型x区域栅格i的生态环境胁迫程度;z和k为半饱和参数。 |
土壤保持 | InVEST模型泥沙输移比例模块(Natural Capital Project, 2022) | (8) (9) (10) 式中:AER i 为栅格单元i中每年避免的土壤侵蚀总量,单位:t/(hm-2·a-1);RKLS i 为栅格单元i中每年可能被土壤侵蚀的最大量,ULSE i 为栅格单元i中每年土壤侵蚀总量;Ri 表示降水侵蚀性因子;Ki 为土壤可侵蚀性因子;LS i 为坡度坡长因子;Ci 为植被覆盖和作物管理因子;Pi 为水土保持措施因子。 |
食物生产 | 基于植被状况指数的 食物生产服务估算法(Liu et al., 2022) | (11) (12) 式中:FP i 为栅格i中第j类食物的产量;FP tj 为各市第j类食物的总产量,食物产量均被折算为能量,单位:KJ,转换参数来自《中国食物成分表》(杨月欣 等,2009);VCI i 为栅格i的植被状况指数;n为各市用于生产第j类食物的土地栅格总数;NDVI i 为栅格i的年NDVI值。NDVImax和NDVImin分别代表研究区用于生产第j类食物的土地类型的年NDVI的最大值和最小值。 |
文化休闲 | 基于POI和居民偏好的 文化服务估算法 | (13) (14) 式中:SLU k 是k类土地的所有文化休闲服务的总得分,无量纲;Nki 为土地类型k中文化服务i的POI数量;SUM i 为文化类型i的POI总数;SP i 是第i类文化服务的分数;Nij 是文化服务i在名次j中的出现次数;SUM是有效问卷的总数;Sj 为名次j相应的赋分值,S 1=5,S 2=4,S 3=3,S 4=2,S 5=1。 |
李 婷:基础数据处理,研究思路构思与文章框架构建,文章撰写及后续修改;
李志文:研究思路构思与文章框架构建;
陈登帅:数据处理,研究评述与文章校对;
李辉霞、徐皓帆:研究评述与文章校对。
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