女性民宿主成长与乡村民宿发展的互动机制
隋春花:选题方向、研究设计、数据收集、初稿撰写、校对修改、基金支持;
邓姘娜:研究数据收集、数据分析、模型构建、初稿撰写与修改;
李智轩:提供选题方向、模型构建和内容提升的指导。
隋春花(1972—),女,山东平度人,副教授,硕士生导师,主要从事乡村旅游研究,(E-mail)916942159@qq.com。 |
收稿日期: 2024-08-21
修回日期: 2025-01-20
网络出版日期: 2025-07-14
基金资助
广东省哲学社会科学规划项目(GD23XYJ82)
广东省本科高校教学质量工程建设项目(粤教高函[2020]19号)
Interactive Mechanism Between the Growth of Female Homestay Elites and the Development of Rural Homestays
Received date: 2024-08-21
Revised date: 2025-01-20
Online published: 2025-07-14
民宿产业在乡村旅游发展中占据重要地位,而女性民宿主作为乡村民宿产业的重要参与者,既推动也获益于乡村旅游和民宿产业发展。文章以广东省30位女性民宿主为研究对象,结合生命历程理论的4个核心原理,运用访谈法和主题分析法探究女性民宿主成长与乡村民宿发展的双向互动机制。结果表明,在民宿主成长与乡村民宿互动发展过程中,女性民宿主在乡村振兴、乡村旅游、乡村民宿的社会历史条件下发挥个体能动性,运用过往积累的资源与家庭、社会、政府等社会关系网络融合获得精英身份,响应了不同阶段的乡村发展需求,带动了乡村民宿发展,从而使女性民宿主在实现自身成长的同时反哺乡村旅游和民宿产业发展。同时,乡村民宿发展也加快了民宿主的社会关系网络构建,提升个人能力,积累更丰富的发展资源,助力民宿主个体快速成长。
隋春花 , 邓姘娜 , 李智轩 . 女性民宿主成长与乡村民宿发展的互动机制[J]. 热带地理, 2025 , 45(7) : 1150 -1163 . DOI: 10.13284/j.cnki.rddl.20240550
The homestay industry, an essential component of rural tourism, plays a crucial role in promoting the rural industries and realizing rural revitalization strategies. Female homestay owners, as important participants in this industry, have driven the development of rural tourism and the homestay sector and benefited from it. Therefore, further research is necessary to explore how female homestay owners leverage their feminine traits to become rural tourism elites, thus becoming a significant force in developing and revitalizing rural homestays. This study considerd 30 female homestay owners in Guangdong Province as research subjects, combines the four core principles of life course theory, and employs interviews and thematic analysis to explore the bidirectional interaction mechanism between the growth of female homestay owners and the development of rural homestays. This study divides the driving forces of female homestay owner growth into personal agency, accumulation of past resources, socio-historical conditions, and social relationship networks, thereby analyzing the growth path of female homestay owners. The results indicate that female homestay owners are key in promoting rural tourism development. Under certain socio-historical conditions, they actively exercise personal agency; integrate accumulated resources with family, social, and governmental relationship networks; obtain elite status; respond to rural development needs at different stages; and contribute to developing rural tourism and the homestay industry while achieving personal growth. In the exploration phase, they rely on developing rural tourism, seizing opportunities using social relationship networks, promoting the number of homestays, improving rural living environments, and responding actively to rural homestay development needs. In the foundation-building phase, they use accumulated resources and business experience to weave social relationship networks, drive outstanding homestay practitioners, and meet the need for standardization and branding in rural homestays. In the formation phase, they return to rural tourism, shape social images, pursue social recognition, address homestay clustering and branding issues, and promote exemplary development in the rural homestay industry. The feminine traits of female homestay owners play a vital role in this process; they use traits such as affinity, delicacy, and sensitivity to enhance homestays' competitiveness and customer satisfaction, create a warm accommodation environment, and keenly capture market changes. The traditional role of women in family structures influences homestay owners' career choices. They achieved economic independence through homestay businesses, enhanced their say in the family, and supported their families. In terms of care ethics, they focus on women's development, improving the employment situation of rural women, offering training and support, promoting economic independence and self-development of rural women, and contributing to rural revitalization. This study, from the perspective of integrating micro-individuals with macro-society, provides a reference for clarifying the formation and evolution mechanism of the positive interaction between local elites and local development, offers a new perspective for understanding the role of female homestay owners in rural revitalization, and provides a rich set of empirical data and a theoretical framework for future research.
表1 女性民宿主访谈样本简介Table 1 A brief introduction to the interview samples of female hosts |
代码 | 所在地 | 年龄/岁 | 学历 | 开始经营年份 |
---|---|---|---|---|
N01 | 广州从化平岗村 | 40 | 研究生 | 2015 |
N02 | 广州增城璋洞坑村 | 52 | 研究生 | 2016 |
N03 | 深圳龙岗较场尾 | 34 | 研究生 | 2016 |
N04 | 佛山顺德文秀社区 | 34 | 本科 | 2019 |
N05 | 佛山顺德逢简村 | 46 | 研究生 | 2016 |
N06 | 中山南朗崖口中堡村 | 44 | 本科 | 2018 |
N07 | 珠海斗门沥岐新村 | 29 | 本科 | 2019 |
N08 | 珠海金湾海澄白石公村 | 32 | 高中职 | 2019 |
N09 | 江门台山玄潭村 | 40 | 本科 | 2020 |
N10 | 肇庆端州岩前村 | 40 | 本科 | 2018 |
N11 | 肇庆端州岩前村 | 47 | 专科 | 2016 |
N12 | 汕头南澳走马埔村 | 31 | 专科 | 2015 |
N13 | 阳江江城谷寮村 | 45 | 专科 | 2019 |
N14 | 韶关新丰茶峒村 | 40 | 高中职 | 2015 |
N15 | 韶关仁化青湖塘村 | 43 | 本科 | 2010 |
N16 | 韶关仁化瑶塘村 | 45 | 专科 | 2012 |
N17 | 清远清城沙塘村 | 24 | 专科 | 2019 |
N18 | 清远清新河洞村 | 40 | 本科 | 2016 |
N19 | 梅州大埔漳北村 | 44 | 专科 | 2016 |
N20 | 河源和平南湖新洞村 | 49 | 专科 | 2017 |
N21 | 佛山南海石涌村 | 44 | 专科 | 2022 |
N22 | 东莞寮步镇 | 29 | 本科 | 2020 |
N23 | 肇庆端州出头古村 | 48 | 专科 | 2021 |
N24 | 惠州博罗高桥村 | 39 | 研究生 | 2022 |
N25 | 潮州潮安凤凰镇 | 43 | 专科 | 2021 |
N26 | 潮州湘桥新兴里 | 47 | 专科 | 2021 |
N27 | 汕尾城区金町埔町村 | 29 | 本科 | 2022 |
N28 | 茂名高州石岗头村 | 40 | 本科 | 2022 |
N29 | 阳江江城谷寮村 | 37 | 专科 | 2020 |
N30 | 云浮新兴杨家宅村 | 37 | 本科 | 2021 |
表2 编码示例Table 2 Coding example |
原始资料(节选) | 子节点 | 主节点 |
---|---|---|
N17:“我们就在这考察了沙塘村,三面环岛,自然资源是十分好的。”(aa1) | a1地方旅游资源丰富(aa1) | A1地方旅游资源 (a1、a2、a3) |
N15:“看到丹霞山申遗成功,且当时丹霞山及周边都是初级农家乐,还没有特色 民宿,因此选择在丹霞山开设了第一家有真正休闲意义的民宿。”(aa2) | a2地方旅游资源开发程度高(aa2) | |
N13:“当初的谷寮村,正在响应国家美丽乡村建设的战略部署,旧村改造中。”(aa3) | a3地方旅游相关设施完善(aa3) | |
N16:“一开始我们只是一个提供睡觉的地方,而现在客人会因为各种体验选择入住 民宿。”(aa4) | a4住宿需求变化(aa4) | A2市场发展机遇 (a4、a5、a6) |
N12:“2015年南澳跨海大桥开通以来,旅游也是越来越好,我也比较看好南澳岛住宿 行业,所以,选择了做民宿这一行。”(aa5) | a5乡村旅游行业发展(aa5) | |
N01:“当时第一期的时候,我用手机拍照就可以做宣传。但是到二期的时候,已经不行了,已经开始专业化、精细化、细分化,才能吸引客源。”(aa6) | a6市场需求精细化/多样化(aa6) |
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表3 女性民宿主成长驱动力主题构建Table 3 Theme construction of the growth motivation of female homestays |
主题—驱动力 | 主节点—驱动力 | 子节点 |
---|---|---|
个体能动性 | 主体成长需要 | 民宿情怀,财富追求,承担家庭责任,产生乡村归属感,追求市场认可,成为民宿行业的标杆 |
主体内在特质 | 政策信息敏感度高,市场敏锐度高,道德素养高,心思细腻,体贴,柔和,开朗 | |
过往资源的 积累 | 主体经营资本 | 资金充足,房屋资源稳定,个人文化和艺术修养,员工素养,人脉广 |
民宿经营经验 | 民宿规范合法,建构事业人脉网络,注重融合地域文化,注重营造如家般闲适温暖的氛围,注重民宿产品 差异化/多元化/个性化,注重创新民宿服务,注重文创产品的推出,注重“民宿+”产业融合,注重品牌打造,注重市场营销,注重团队培养 | |
社会历史 条件 | 宏观政策背景 | 民宿政策的出台,政策红利,农村用地政策的改变,民宿评级政策的出台 |
地方旅游资源 | 地方旅游资源丰富,地方旅游资源开发程度高,地方旅游相关设施完善 | |
市场发展机遇 | 住宿需求变化,乡村民宿发展,乡村旅游行业发展,市场需求精细化/多样化 | |
社会关系 网络 | 家庭及社会关系 | 家庭支持,熟人支持,忠实顾客的支持,顾客层次提高 |
民宿同行互助 | 学习交流民宿经验,参与民宿管理相关培训,民宿集群化,女性民宿主社群的维系,民宿奖项评选活动, 民宿间的合作与竞争 | |
当地民众支持 | 村民友好,提高乡村经济收入,提供乡村就业岗位 | |
社会关注度 | 好的民宿形象,大众好感度提升,良好的主客关系 | |
地方政府支持 | 相关部门的支持与帮扶,官商良好互动 |
特别感谢编辑部老师及审稿专家对本文提出的宝贵意见和富有建设性的建议!非常感谢广东民宿发展研究院和各位民宿主的大力支持!
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