城市直播电商类型的区位分布特征及其影响因素分异——以苏州市为例
修改意见提出,研究素材分析
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陆建城(1990—),男,江苏苏州人,博士,副教授,研究方向为新经济空间治理,E-mail:183590463@qq.com |
收稿日期: 2025-12-14
修回日期: 2026-02-10
网络出版日期: 2026-05-06
基金资助
国家自然科学基金资助项目(42301205);江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划项目(KYCX25_3593);江苏省青年科技人才托举工程资助项目
版权
Differentiation in Spatial Distribution Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Urban Live-Streaming E-Commerce Types: A Case Study of Suzhou
Received date: 2025-12-14
Revised date: 2026-02-10
Online published: 2026-05-06
Copyright
文章以实体经济和直播电商深度融合的苏州市为例,基于电商主播空间坐标数据,从经济地理学的路径依赖与路径创造理论出发,分析城市尺度下不同类型直播电商的区位分布特征与影响因素分异。研究表明:1)苏州直播电商呈现“城区高度集中与郊区多点集聚”的分布格局,并表现出“产品基地导向与产业服务导向”并重的独特性,揭示了苏州直播电商是在传统制造业强路径依赖基础上,通过数字技术与政策干预实现路径创造的复合结果;2)不同类型直播电商的区位分布存在异质性,产地直播呈现“簇群+散点”特征、专职直播呈现“极核+多片”特征、实体直播呈现“轴向+分散”特征、档口直播呈现“核心+据点”特征、住区直播呈现“多片+分散”特征;3)产品生产、制度政策、产业基础、物流条件和产业服务对直播电商区位选择起主导作用,且不同类型直播电商区位分布的影响因素存在差异,其是“路径依赖”与“路径创造”在不同类型中作用方式异质性的微观体现。
陆建城 , 蒋蝉禧 , 罗小龙 , 郑皓 . 城市直播电商类型的区位分布特征及其影响因素分异——以苏州市为例[J]. 热带地理, 2026 : 840 -852 . DOI: 10.13284/j.cnki.rddl.20250885
With the rapid advancement of the internet and digital communication technologies, particularly the widespread adoption of mobile internet and short-video platforms, e-commerce has undergone a new wave of transformation, giving rise to live-streaming e-commerce. As an emerging business model that integrates platform-based live streaming with online retailing, live-streaming e-commerce has, through its distinctive interactivity and immediacy, profoundly reshaped consumer purchasing behavior in China and has become a major driver of the urban digital economy. Against this backdrop, the spatial distribution of live-streaming e-commerce has become an increasingly important topic in geography, particularly in economic geography. However, existing research largely relies on single theoretical perspectives and seldom integrates the analytical logic of path dependence and path creation. In particular, a systematic theoretical explanation and empirical evidence remain lacking regarding how live-streaming e-commerce in cities anchored in the real economy develops distinctive locational patterns through interaction with pre-existing industrial structures. To address this gap, this study draws on the economic-geographical perspectives of path dependence and path creation and considers Suzhou, where the real economy and live-streaming e-commerce are closely intertwined, as a case study. Based on the spatial coordinate data on anchors engaged in live-streaming e-commerce, this study investigates the locational patterns and differentiated determinants of different types of live-streaming e-commerce on the urban scale. The results show that, first, live-streaming e-commerce in Suzhou exhibits a spatial pattern characterized by a high concentration in the urban core and multiple clusters in suburban areas. It also reveals a distinctive dual orientation towards both production bases and industrial service functions, indicating that the development of live-streaming e-commerce in Suzhou is a composite outcome of strong path dependence rooted in traditional manufacturing and path creation enabled by digital technologies and policy intervention. Second, significant heterogeneity exists in the locational patterns of different types of live-streaming e-commerce: production-based live streaming exhibits a“clusters plus dispersed points”pattern; professional live streaming exhibits a“pole plus multiple zones”pattern; brick-and-mortar live streaming an“axis plus dispersion”pattern; stall-based live streaming exhibits a“core plus nodes”pattern; and residential live streaming exhibits a“multiple zones plus dispersion”pattern. Third, the determinants showed both hierarchical and type-specific differentiation. Overall, manufacturing base, institutional policy, industrial foundation, and logistics conditions are the principal factors shaping the locational distribution of live-streaming e-commerce. By type, production-based live streaming is mainly influenced by manufacturing base and logistics; professional live streaming by institutional policy and producer services; brick-and-mortar live streaming by transport and logistics; stall-based live streaming by wholesale markets and logistics; and residential live streaming by producer services, transport, and the cultural environment. This study shows that the digital economy does not disrupted the locational logic of traditional industries; rather, it evolves through deep interaction with and restructuring of local industries, institutions, markets, and socio-spatial environments. Therefore, the locational distribution of live-streaming e-commerce results from the joint operation of path dependence and path creation. These findings enrich the theoretical implications of economic geography in the digital era, and offer a new perspective for understanding the synergistic relationship between inherited local development trajectories and emerging innovation paths in urban digital economic development.
Key words: live-streaming e-commerce; path dependence; path creation; location choice; Suzhou
表1 不同类型直播电商空间莫兰指数Table 1 Moran's I index for different types of live-streaming e-commerce spaces |
| 类型 | 莫兰指数 | Z得分 | P值 | 分布模式 |
| 产地直播型 | 0.63 | 15.45 | 0.00 | 集聚分布 |
| 专职直播型 | 0.53 | 9.44 | 0.00 | 集聚分布 |
| 实体直播型 | 0.21 | 3.82 | 0.00 | 集聚分布 |
| 档口直播型 | 0.24 | 4.58 | 0.00 | 集聚分布 |
| 住区直播型 | 0.11 | 2.64 | 0.00 | 集聚分布 |
表2 苏州市直播电商空间类型划分Table 2 Classification of live-streaming e-commerce spaces in Suzhou |
| 类型 | 比例/% | 功能构成 | 空间载体类型 | 区位分布特征 | 典型案例 |
| 产地 直播型 | 47 | 线上直播销售和 线下生产 | 各级产业园区内的厂房、乡镇特色工业 生产基地和农业产业园等 | 近郊多核心和远郊多散点分布 | 苏州工业园区、 碧螺春生产基地等 |
| 专职 直播型 | 16 | 线上直播销售 | 中心城区内的商务写字楼,近远郊区 空置或低效的存量工业遗存 | 中心城区极核集聚,近远郊区 多片分布 | 元和塘直播电商产业园、 歌德云创直播产业园等 |
| 实体 直播型 | 19 | 线上直播销售和 线下实体销售 | 中心城区内的商业综合体、商业街和 历史街区,郊区的历史文化名镇名村 | 中心城区轴向分布,外围郊区 分散分布 | 平江历史街区文创直播、 马山村的苏绣直播 |
| 档口 直播型 | 13 | 线上直播销售和 线下批发 | 依托现有的大型专业批发市场或 小型的仓库 | 四大核心集聚区和若干据点 | 虎丘婚纱城、 相城家具城等 |
| 住区 直播型 | 4 | 线上直播销售 | 依托现有居住区、城中村和外围 乡村民居 | 四大集聚片区和外围分散节点 | 常熟和莫社区、 甪直镇的澄墩村 |
表3 影响因素指标体系Table 3 Indicator system of influencing factors |
| 维度 | 二级指标 | 指标解释 | 数据来源 |
| 政府维度 | 制度政策(x1) | 各层级直播电商支持政策数量/个 | 苏州各级政府官网公示的政策数量 |
| 孵化平台(x2) | 各层级直播电商企业孵化平台数量/个 | 苏州市政府官网 | |
| 直播电商基地(x3) | 直播电商基地数量/个 | 苏州市商务局官网 | |
| 市场维度 | 人才市场(x4) | 高等院校和科研机构数量/个 | 2024年苏州市POI数据 |
| 实体店铺(x5) | 实体消费店铺数量/个 | 2024年苏州市POI数据 | |
| 批发市场(x6) | 婚纱、服装、农产品等各类批发市场/仓储数量/个 | 2024年苏州市POI数据 | |
| 产业维度 | 产业基础(x7) | 直播电商企业数量/个 | 2024年企查查官网 |
| 产业服务(x8) | MCN机构、直播培训等服务机构数量/个 | 2024年企查查官网 | |
| 产品生产(x9) | 工业和农业生产企业数量/个 | 2024年企查查官网 | |
| 环境维度 | 交通条件(x10) | 地铁站点和高铁站点数量/个 | 2024年苏州市POI数据 |
| 物流条件(x11) | 物流与快递站点数量/个 | 2024年苏州市POI数据 | |
| 文化环境(x12) | 各类文化遗产、名镇名村、传统村落等数量/个 | 苏州国土空间规划文本 |
表4 苏州直播电商区位分布影响因素解释力Table 4 Explanatory power of factors influencing the spatial distribution of live-streaming e-commerce in Suzhou |
| 影响因素 | 影响力q值 |
| 制度政策(x1) | 0.79 |
| 孵化平台(x2) | 0.21 |
| 直播电商基地(x3) | 0.61 |
| 人才市场(x4) | 0.27 |
| 实体店铺(x5) | 0.52 |
| 批发市场(x6) | 0.42 |
| 产业基础(x7) | 0.64 |
| 产业服务(x8) | 0.48 |
| 产品生产(x9) | 0.83 |
| 交通条件(x10) | 0.34 |
| 物流条件(x11) | 0.48 |
| 文化环境(x12) | 0.13 |
注:各指标因素均在0.05的显著性水平下显著。 |
表5 苏州不同类型直播电商区位分布影响因素探测结果Table 5 Detection results of influencing factors on the spatial distribution of different types of live-streaming e-commerce in Suzhou |
| 影响因素 | y1 | y2 | y3 | y4 | y5 |
| 制度政策(x1) | 0.40 | 0.82 | 0.39 | 0.34 | 0.20 |
| 孵化平台(x2) | 0.14 | 0.64 | 0.07 | 0.10 | 0.11 |
| 直播电商基地(x3) | 0.34 | 0.91 | 0.33 | 0.17 | 0.33 |
| 人才市场(x4) | 0.22 | 0.17 | 0.11 | 0.13 | 0.13 |
| 实体店铺(x5) | 0.39 | 0.26 | 0.82 | 0.28 | 0.17 |
| 批发市场(x6) | 0.32 | 0.32 | 0.33 | 0.46 | 0.28 |
| 产业基础(x7) | 0.58 | 0.35 | 0.37 | 0.21 | 0.25 |
| 产业服务(x8) | 0.62 | 0.67 | 0.31 | 0.40 | 0.34 |
| 产品生产(x9) | 0.89 | 0.32 | 0.28 | 0.39 | 0.28 |
| 交通条件(x10) | 0.28 | 0.19 | 0.67 | 0.42 | 0.31 |
| 物流条件(x11) | 0.72 | 0.28 | 0.60 | 0.45 | 0.21 |
| 文化环境(x12) | 0.10 | 0.23 | 0.27 | 0.12 | 0.31 |
注:数值表示因素影响力水平,所有指标因素均在0.05的显著性水平下显著。 |
① “簇群”指围绕一个或多个产业园区形成的紧密型直播集聚组团。
② “散点”指空间上孤立、依托单个特色产品生产基地形成的点位。
③ “极核”指由政策直接塑造、在区域中占据绝对主导地位的核心直播基地;“片区”指具有相当空间范围、内部连续性较强的集聚区域。
④ “轴向”指直播活动沿传统商业中心或主要交通干线形成的高密度连续分布带。
⑤ “据点”指在空间上相对独立、规模有限但功能明确、具有稳定性的关键节点。
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