热带地理 ›› 2016, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (5): 878-886.doi: 10.13284/j.cnki.rddl.002882

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

潮汐作用下的滨海浅层地下水水质变化

路剑飞1,甘华阳1,庞 园2   

  1. (1.国土资源部 广州海洋地质调查局,广州 510760;2.广州市水务科学研究所,广州 510220)
  • 收稿日期:2015-01-20 出版日期:2016-09-05 发布日期:2016-09-05
  • 作者简介:路剑飞(1984―),男,黑龙江大庆人,工程师,博士,从事近海水文气象研究,(E-mail)ppppwjljf1@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    中国地质调查局项目“我国重点海岸带滨海环境地质调查与评价”(1212010914020);广东省水利科技创新项目(2012-17)

Water Quality Fluctuations in Coastal Shallow Groundwater under Tidal Influence

LU Jianfei1,GAN Huayang1,PANG Yuan2   

  1. (1.Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey,Guangzhou 510760,China;2.Guangzhou Hydraulic Research Institute,Guangzhou 510220,China)
  • Received:2015-01-20 Online:2016-09-05 Published:2016-09-05

摘要:

利用雷州半岛东部滨海浅层地下水的逐时采样数据,分析潮汐作用下该区浅层地下水水质变化特征,结果表明:1)研究区地下水中主要离子均以Na+和Cl-为主,K+和 CO3 2-的质量浓度则低至可以忽略。其中,东海岛地下水水质较为稳定,各离子不具有明显的相关性,而南渡河和新寮地下水中各离子的变化具有准同步特征。2)南渡河地下水对于土壤的平均碱化危害程度最低,其次是东海岛,新寮地下水对于土壤的平均碱化危害程度最高,且大潮期尤甚。东海岛地下水对土壤的碱化危害程度随潮汐变化不大;南渡河和新寮则表现出大潮期地下水的土壤碱化危害程度大于小潮期的特点,意味着潮动力的增强导致海水入侵强度变大,进而加剧了地下水对土壤的碱化危害。3)就地下水受海水入侵强度而言,东海岛的平均受侵强度最大,但随潮动力变化不大,危害具有常态化特征;新寮地下水大潮期受海水入侵的最大强度高于东海岛,但平均危害则小于后者;南渡河受海水入侵程度最低,部分时段不存在海水入侵情况。4)各监测井地下水中Na+和Cl-具有同源性,是溶解性固体总量(TDS)的主要成分,也是引起TDS 变化的主要原因。就TDS 变化的剧烈程度而言,南渡河的水质波动最为显著,其次是新寮,东海岛水质维持在稳定的水平。5)南渡河和新寮可以通过监测地下水电导率的长期变化间接实现对水体矿化度及Na+和Cl-的长期监测;东海岛则不适合做精确的点监测,但可以考虑进行区间监测。

关键词: 雷州半岛, 滨海浅层地下水, 潮动力, 水质, 土壤碱化

Abstract:

Based on hourly sampling data in coastal shallow groundwater at eastern part of Leizhou Peninsula, water quality fluctuations under tidal influence are analyzed. The results prove that: 1) Na+ and Cl- are the chief ions in the groundwater of the research zone, while K+ and CO3 2- are ignorable. Groundwater quality in Donghai Island is stabilized, and no obvious correlations can be found among ions in the water. Quasi-synchronization variations of ions in the groundwater do exist in Nandu River basin and Xinliao Island. 2) The damage of alkalization of groundwater to soil in Nandu River area is the lowest, while that in Xinliao Island the highest, especially during spring tide. Changes of alkalization degree in Donghai Island are within very limited boundaries that are barely affected by tidal power. On the contrary, higher alkalization damage comes about during spring tide in both Nandu River area and Xinliao Island, derived from stronger seawater intrusion caused by strengthened tidal power, which aggravates the damage of alkalization of groundwater to soil. 3) As for the intensity of seawater intrusion to the groundwater, Donghai Island suffers the worst hit on average regardless of tidal power, which indicates an ordinary phenomenon. The maximal intensity during spring tide in Xinliao Island is higher than that in Donghai Island, while mean damage in Xinliao Island is lower than that in Donghai Island. Intensity of seawater intrusion is the lowest in Nandu River area and even down to zero at some time. 4) Na+ and Cl- in the groundwater of each monitoring well are closely correlated and are the major constituents in TDS, which also lead to main changes in TDS. TDS fluctuation is the most obvious in Nandu River area, and then in Xinliao Island. TDS in Donghai Island barely changes. 5) Conductivity monitoring in groundwater can be a way to monitor mineralization of water, as well as Na+ and Cl- in Nandu River and Xinliao Island, while interval instead of precise monitoring can be carried out for Donghai Island.

Key words: Leizhou Peninsula, coastal shallow groundwater, tidal power, water quality, soil alkalization