热带地理

热带地理 ›› 2017, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (2): 163-173.doi: 10.13284/j.cnki.rddl.002925

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

边境省区县域城镇化与人口迁移的时空演变及机制分析——以广西为例

李红，张珺，欧晓静   

  1. （广西大学 商学院，南宁 530004）
  • 出版日期:2017-03-05 发布日期:2017-03-05
  • 作者简介:李红（1968―），男，广西荔浦人，教授，博士生导师，研究方向为地缘经济地理，（E-mail）luke6803@126.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目（41161024、41561026）

Spatiotemporal Evolution of County Urbanization and Migration of Population in Border Province: A Case Study of Guangxi

LI Hong，ZHANG Jun，OU Xiaojing   

  1. （Business School，Guangxi University，Nanning 530004，Guangxi）
  • Online:2017-03-05 Published:2017-03-05

PDF (PC)

赞

摘要：

基于中国第四、五、六次人口普查数据和经济计量方法，以县域为尺度对边境省份广西的城镇化和人口迁移时空演变和动因机制进行分析，结果表明：1）在县域人口城镇化水平提高且与全国均值差距缩小的同时，边境省份大部分地区城镇化率仍低于全国平均水平；从空间上看，县域城镇化呈非均衡发展趋势，中心市辖区水平高、具有一定的辐射作用但分布零散。开放较早的北部湾地区和毗邻发达省份广东的桂东、桂东南城镇化水平高于桂西、桂北地区。2）县域人口迁移具有显著的空间正相关效应，且2000―2010年其空间自相关程度集聚增强，但格局基本保持稳定，县域尺度人口迁移的高值区与城镇化发展较快地区基本同步，集中于桂东南及北部湾地区。3）对于兼有国界、海岸和省界等三类影响人口迁移的边界的广西而言，后两类边界较明显地“吸引”人口向其邻近地区活跃迁移与城镇化集聚，而国界目前对人口流动仍有一定的阻碍作用。4）从影响人口流入地选择的角度看迁移的空间格局与动因，服务业的发展正成为吸纳人口迁入的主要力量，自由贸易、商贸服务、沿边通道与口岸建设以及“一带一路”倡议是当今重塑中国西南边境地理的主要动力。

关键词: 边境, 城镇化, 人口迁移, 时空格局, 广西

Abstract: Based on the fourth, fifth and sixth population census data of China, econometrics method and the case of Guangxi on county scale, this paper analyzes the spatiotemporal evolution and driving forces of urbanization and migration. The results are as follows: 1) The county urbanization rate of border province has witnessed rapid growth and its gap with country’s average level becomes narrowed, but the rates in most of the counties are still below the national mean. The spatial distribution among counties shows a trend of imbalanced development of urbanization. The distribution of center municipal districts, which have higher urbanization level and play diffusion role, is dispersal. Those areas opening to the outside world earlier, such as the Beibu Gulf region, and the east and southeast of Guangxi adjacent to Guangdong, a developed province, have higher urbanization level than the west and north of Guangxi. 2) The population migration at county level in border province shows a strong trend of spatial autocorrelation, and the degree of spatial autocorrelation agglomeration increased from 2000 to 2010, but the spatial pattern remained stable during the study period. Migration flow and urbanization pattern are basically consistent and their high value regions are both concentrated in the southeastern Guangxi and the Beibu Gulf area. 3) There are three kinds of boundaries which influence the migration in Guangxi, i.e., national boundary, coast line and provincial border. The latter two types of boundaries play a significant role in “attracting” immigration and the development of urbanization and agglomeration along with them, while the national boundary is still having some shield or barrier effects on people movement. 4) From the perspective of immigration destination choosing, as for the spatial pattern of migration, service industries are becoming the main forces absorbing population to move-in. Free trade arrangements, business service, and passages or ports construction along the borders and “One Belt One Road Initiatives” are the main driving forces reshaping border geography in Southwest of China.

Key words: border region, urbanization, migration, spatiotemporal pattern, Guangxi