热带地理

热带地理 ›› 2020, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (3): 525-538.doi: 10.13284/j.cnki.rddl.003209

• ·论文· • 上一篇    下一篇

中国中等职业教育空间集聚及其影响因素

王辉1(), 延军平1(), 彭邦文2, 刘冬梅3, 连丽娟4   

  1. 1.陕西师范大学 地理科学与旅游学院，西安 710119
    2.西北大学 经济管理学院，西安 710127
    3.西安航空学院 经济管理学院，西安 710077
    4.三亚航空旅游职业学院，海南 三亚 572000
  • 收稿日期:2019-08-04 修回日期:2020-01-15 出版日期:2020-05-31 发布日期:2020-06-30
  • 通讯作者: 延军平 E-mail:fjwh1990@126.com;yanjp@snnu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:王辉（1990—），男，福建仙游人，博士研究生，主要研究方向为城市与区域发展，（E-mail）fjwh1990@126.com；
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(41877519)

Spatial Agglomeration and Factors Influencing of Secondary Vocational Education in China during 2000‒2016

Wang Hui1(), Yan Junping1(), Peng Bangwen2, Liu Dongmei3, Lian Lijuan4   

  1. 1.School of geography and tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China
    2.School of Economics and Management, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127，China
    3.School of Economics and Management, Xi’an Aeronautical University, Xi’an 710077，China
    4.Sanya Aviation and Tourism College，Sanya 572000，China
  • Received:2019-08-04 Revised:2020-01-15 Online:2020-05-31 Published:2020-06-30
  • Contact: Yan Junping E-mail:fjwh1990@126.com;yanjp@snnu.edu.cn

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摘要：

基于2000—2016年中国大陆31个省区中等职业教育发展相关统计数据，采用中等职业教育地理集中度、空间自相关分析和地理探测器等方法，探讨了2000年以来中国中等职业教育水平时空分异、空间集聚格局及其影响因素。结果表明：1）2000—2016年中国中等职业教育发展呈倒“U”型变化趋势，地理集中度逐渐提高，省域中等职业教育发展以“缩减型”为主；2）中等职业教育水平及增长呈正空间自相关，空间集聚特征明显，总体呈“西进南移”空间格局，西部是中等职业教育增长热点区，区域均衡性明显提升；3）中等职业教育空间集聚格局的主要影响因素是适龄教育人口和中等职业教育发展条件，经济因素影响相对较弱，不同影响因子交互作用显著，初中毕业生数是主导交互因子，城镇登记失业率、城镇化率逐渐成为次主导交互因子。

关键词: 中等职业教育, 空间集聚, 空间自相关, 地理探测器, 教育地理学, 中国

Abstract:

The economic and social transformation and reconstruction in China has prompted the government to focus its attention on the role and influence of vocational education on the development of the manufacturing industry and improvement of social equity. Secondary vocational education is an important part of popularizing high school education and developing modern vocational education in China. It is the foundation of constructing a modern vocational education system. It is of great significance for the cultivation of middle-level skilled technical talents and the improvement of the labor market. Based on statistical data of the development of secondary vocational education in 31 provinces and regions in mainland China from 2000 to 2016, this study focuses on the spatial clustering characteristics and factors influencing the development of secondary vocational education. The study adopts methods such as geographical concentration, spatial autocorrelation analysis, geographical detector, etc., to explore the following issues: How will China’s secondary vocational education change in a spatiotemporal context? Is there spatial agglomeration? What are the factors that cause the spatial agglomeration of secondary vocational education? This study shows that the development of secondary vocational education in China followed an inverted "U" trend from 2000 to 2016, and the geographical concentration of students in the provincial level is gradually increasing. The provinces with large-scale secondary vocational education include Guangdong Province, Henan Province, and Shandong Province. The development of secondary vocational education in more than one-third of the provinces in China is characterized by small scale and slow growth, as seen in Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Fujian, Hubei, Shaanxi, Shanxi and Northeast China, while the "growth" provinces are all distributed in southern China, including Anhui, Jiangxi, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan, etc. From the perspective of spatial relationship, there is a significant spatial autocorrelation between the level and growth of secondary vocational education from 2000 to 2016, but the degree of spatial agglomeration has declined; this indicates that the spatial balance of secondary vocational education is constantly improving. In addition, the overall level of secondary vocational education shows a trend of "moving south." The hotspots have moved from North China to Southeast, Central, and South China. Shandong, Henan, and Anhui provinces are always included as hotspots of secondary vocational education. The hotspots of secondary vocational education growth are mainly distributed in the western region, and show a transfer process from northwest to southwest. Tibet is always in a hotspot of growth. The main factors influencing this pattern of change are the population of school-age children and secondary vocational education development conditions, while the role of regional economic development level is relatively small. The interaction between different factors significantly affects the changes in the spatial pattern of secondary vocational education, mainly through interactions between the number of junior high school graduates and other factors.

Key words: secondary vocational education, spatial agglomeration, spatial autocorrelation, geodetector, geographies of education, China

中图分类号: 

  • G638