Tropical Geography ›› 2019, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (6): 942-953.doi: 10.13284/j.cnki.rddl.003198
Zhou Zhengke1a, Liang Yutian1,2(), Zhou Keyang1a
Received:
2019-06-28
Revised:
2019-11-18
Online:
2019-11-10
Published:
2019-12-26
Contact:
Liang Yutian
E-mail:lytian@mail.sysu.edu.cn
CLC Number:
Zhou Zhengke, Liang Yutian, Zhou Keyang. Review of Chinese Foreign Direct Investment from a Relationship Perspective[J].Tropical Geography, 2019, 39(6): 942-953.
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Tab.1
A summary review of the main theories of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)"
分类 | 理论基础 | 主要理论 | 代表人物 | 主要论点 |
---|---|---|---|---|
发达 国家 FDI 理论 | 以不完全竞争为前提假设,以产业组织理论为基础 | 垄断优势理论 | 跨国公司进行FDI的动机在于它们拥有特定的垄断优势。 | |
寡占反应理论 | 寡头企业采取任何行动其他企业会做出应对性反应,并据此把美国FDI分为进攻性和防御性两类,前者是跨国垄断公司主动对外扩张,后者指其他公司做出反应进行跟进投资。 | |||
以完全竞争为前提假设,以国际贸易理论为基础 | 产品生命周期理论 | 将产品发展分为新产品、成熟产品和标准化产品三阶段,在不同阶段跨国公司实施不同的国际化战略。 | ||
边际产业扩张理论 | 对外直接投资应该遵循本国已经或者将要处于相对劣势的产业依次进行;雁行模式。 | |||
以综合理论 为基础 | 国际生产折衷理论 | 跨国企业FDI是企业所有权优势、内部化优势和东道国区位优势3种优势综合作用的结果。 | ||
竞争优势理论 | 将一个国家竞争力的发展分为资源要素导向、投资导向、创新导向和财富导向等4个特征明显的阶段,将经济发展、比较优势和FDI作为互相作用的3种因素结合起来进行分析,认为激烈的国内竞争导致FDI的重要原因。 | |||
发展 中国 家FDI 理论 | — | 发展阶段理论 | 一国 FDI 流量的决定因素与该国经济发展阶段和结构存在系统相关性,发展中国家的 FDI活动取决于该国经济发展阶段。 | |
— | 小规模技术理论 | 发展中国家企业FDI的优势表现为小规模制造、当地采购和特殊产品、接近市场。 | ||
— | 技术创新产业 升级理论 | 发展中国家跨国公司FDI的产业分布和地理分布随时间推移而逐渐变化并且可预测,FDI在地理上遵循从周边地区到发展中国家再到发达国家的顺序,在对外投资过程中技术能力逐步积累和提高,投资领域从传统产业逐步扩展到高技术产业。 |
Tab.2
The roles and mechanisms of overseas Chinese in the process of Chinese enterprises’ foreign investment"
投资时期 | 网络关系 | 华人华侨角色 | 华人华侨介入方法 | 主导关系 | 华人华侨网络作用机制 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
早期 | 企业内部网络 | 信息提供者 | 信息介入 | 个人关系 | 内部协调 |
合作配对者 | 信息介入 | ||||
中期 | 企业间网络 | 合作促成者 | 信息介入、资本介入、技术介入、非正规介入 | 商业关系 | 外部协调 企业间合作 |
决策执行者 | 资本介入、生产介入 | ||||
合作保障者 | 信息介入、非正规介入 | ||||
后期 | 企业外部网络 | 政府联络者 | 信息介入、非正规介入 | 政治关系 | 外部治理 |
政府协商者 | 信息介入、非正规介入 | ||||
社会监管者 | 信息介入、非正规介入 |
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