城市青年群体住房产权获得的区域差异——以上海和南京为例

doi:10.13284/j.cnki.rddl.003292

Abstract

Abstract:

Homeownership crucially affects the quality of life of residents and the social stability of society. Therefore, access to homeownership has been extensively studied in the fields of housing studies, human geography, and sociology. In recent years, with the rapid rise in housing prices, China's young generation has been facing obstacles in accessing homeownership, which has attracted considerable attention from the media and scholars. Most of the existing literature centers on the debate of the "market transition theory" and "power persistence hypothesis", which focus on the impacts of market and institutional factors on homeownership acquisition. However, limited attention has been paid to regional variations in the influencing factors. There are widening differences in housing prices, housing purchase regulations, and demographic structures between cities and regions, which may result in variegated effects on the young generation's access to homeownership. To fill this gap in literature, this paper re-visits the "market transition theory" and "power persistence hypothesis" by comparing Shanghai and Nanjing, which are first-tier and second-tier cities, respectively, within the Yangtze River Delta. Based on the Yangtze River Delta Social Transformation Survey and Nanjing Housing Survey in 2013 and employing logistic regressions, this study investigates the factors that affect the young generation's housing tenure and the differences between the two cities. The results show that there are greater location differences within the city and more institutional barriers compared to Nanjing. The young generation's access to homeownership in Shanghai is associated closely with residential location, hukou status, and being a communist party member working in the public sector. In contrast, market factors such as educational attainment, job mobility, and demographic factors, including age and whether one is a parent, exert relatively little influence in Shanghai, but have significant influence in Nanjing. This study contributes to deepening our understanding of the regional variations in factors that influence homeownership acquisition among China's young generation. Furthermore, it sheds light on the implementation of the "different policies for different cities" strategy and the establishment of a long-term effective regulation system for the real estate market.

Key words: homeownership acquisition, regional difference, market transition theory, power persistence hypothesis, young generation, Shanghai, Nanjing

CLC Number:

K901

Can Cui, Jiayi Li, Junru Cui, Wei Xu, Fenglong Wang. Regional Differences in Access to Homeownership for China's Young Generation: A Case Study of Shanghai and Nanjing[J].Tropical Geography, 2020, 40(6): 1004-1014.

Figures/Tables 4

Table 1

Fig. 1

Table 2

Table 3

Logistic model results of Shanghai and Nanjing"

变量	上海^1）		南京
变量	$β$	Exp( $β$ )	$β$	Exp( $β$ )
年龄	0.019	1.020	0.184^***	1.202^***
性别(男性)	-0.177	0.838	-0.373^*	0.689^*
受教育水平(参照组：较低)
中等	0.059	1.061	0.806^**	2.239^**
较高	-0.323	0.724	-0.321	0.725
婚姻状况（已婚）	0.375^*	1.455^*	0.731^***	2.077^***
是否育有子女（是）	0.263	1.301	0.991^***	2.694^***
工作流动性	-0.066	0.936	1.525^*	4.595^*
有收入的家庭成员个数	0.250^***	1.284^***	0.782^***	2.185^***
家庭年收入	0.328^***	1.389^***	1.543^***	4.679^***
户口属性（参考组：本地人）
新市民	-1.094^***	0.335^***	-0.746^**	0.474^**
外来非农人口	-2.292^***	0.101^***	-1.416^***	0.243^***
外来农业人口	-3.035^***	0.049^***	-2.430^***	0.088^***
政治身份（党员）	-0.210	0.811	-0.290	0.748
工作单位性质(参照组：非公有制单位工作者)	-0.046	0.955	0.729^**	2.073^**
工作单位性质×政治身份	0.955^*	2.599^*	-0.375	0.688
当前居住的城市区位：市中心（参照组：郊区）	-1.336^***	0.263^***	-1.000^***	0.368^***
样本量	2 163		642
Log Pseudo likelihood	-859.939		-258.024
Wald chi²	438.85		187.23
Pseudo R²	0.276		0.409

Table 3

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指标		上海	南京
常住人口/万人		2 415.15^a	818.78^b
户籍人口/万人		1 425.14^a	643.09^b
从业人员平均工资/元		60 435^a	52 082^b
各产业占GDP的比例/%	第一产业	0.6^a	2.50^b
	第二产业	37.16^a	43.10^b
	第三产业	62.24^a	54.40^b
住房自有率/%		59.5	73.7
住房来源类型/%	自建住房	4.1	8.4
	购买商品房（包括二手房）	36.6	30.3
	购买经济适用房	0.3	9.8
	购买原公有住房	18.5	25.2
	租赁廉租住房	1.7	2.3
	租赁其他住房	36.6	19.3
住宅商品房平均销售价格/（元·m^-2）		16 192^c	11 078^c
平均每户住房间数/（间·户^-1）		1.86	2.55
人均住房建筑面积/（m²·人^-1）		25.04	33.86
人均住房间数/（间·人^-1）		0.73	0.91

变量类别		上海(N＝2 219)	南京(N=642)
平均年龄/岁		28.5	28.3
性别(男性)/%		47.6	55.3
婚姻状况（已婚）)/%		54.4	47.2
是否育有子女（是）/%		42.3	26.6
家庭有收入成员个数		2.3	1.6
是否有住房产权（是）/%		76.2	41.9
当前居住的城市区位（市中心）¹⁾/%		33.8	56.4
户口属性	本地人（初始户口即为本地）/%	71.1	23.0
	新市民（初始户口非本地，调研时获得本地户口）/%	3.1	49.4
	外来非农人口（无本地户口、目前户口性质为非农）/%	10.4	16.4
	外来农业人口（无本地户口、目前户口性质为农业）/%	15.4	11.2
受教育程度	较低水平（低于大学本科）/%	62.5	12.8
	中等水平（大学本科）/%	33.3	49.8
	较高水平（硕士或博士）/%	4.2	37.4
工作	工作流动性（工作次数/a）	0.08	0.07
	单位性质（公有制）²⁾/%	18.1	54.1
	是否为党员（是）/%	11.0	44.1
	家庭年收入/万元	13.1	10.3

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Regional Differences in Access to Homeownership for China's Young Generation: A Case Study of Shanghai and Nanjing

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