土地综合整治对生态系统服务价值的影响——以广东江门沙仔岛为例

doi:10.13284/j.cnki.rddl.003305

Abstract

Abstract:

The problem of more people and less land and the shortage of cultivated land resources have been a long-term and difficult challenge in China. Comprehensive land consolidation and rehabilitation is an important means to optimize the spatial layout of the land, promote rural revitalization and urban renewal, and realize the integration of urban and rural development. China will promote green development and harmonious coexistence between man and nature in 2021-2025, and the ecological effect evaluation of land consolidation has become one of the hot topics at home and abroad. For a long time, land consolidation and rehabilitation had focused on improving the quality of cultivated land and supporting farmland infrastructure and paid less attention to the impact on ecosystem service value. The research object of this study is Shazai Island, Xinhui District, Jiangmen City, which was the first demonstration project of comprehensive land consolidation and rehabilitation in Guangdong Province. The study employed the ecosystem service value method to explore the impact of comprehensive land consolidation and rehabilitation on the ecosystem service value of the study area. The results showed that the adjustment of land use type and structure before and after comprehensive land consolidation and rehabilitation and the implementation of ecological restoration measures were the key factors in enhancing the ecosystem service value of Shazai Island. After comprehensive land consolidation and rehabilitation, the overall ecosystem service value, economic production, soil protection, wave dissipation and revetment, biodiversity, and habitat protection value of Shazai Island improved by 250%, 587%, 20.2%, and 182%, respectively, while the ecosystem service value of flood regulation and storage decreased by 87%. In terms of spatial distribution, the ecosystem service value and its increase showed the following order: North Island > South Island > periphery of dam area. This study demonstrated that the combination of land consolidation and rehabilitation and ecological protection and restoration could help to improve the ecosystem service function and provide a reference for the evaluation of land consolidation and rehabilitation and ecological restoration.

Key words: comprehensive land consolidation and rehabilitation, ecological effect, ecosystem service value, the Shazai Island, Guangdong Province

CLC Number:

Mengyuan Su, Jialong Wu. Impact of Comprehensive Land Consolidation Rehabilitation on Ecosystem Services: A Case Study of the Shazai Island, Jiangmen, Guangdong Province[J].Tropical Geography, 2021, 41(1): 159-166.

Figures/Tables 4

Table 1

Evaluation indices of the Shazai Island’s ecosystem services"

指标	指标含义	计算公式	参考文献
经济生产功能	研究区内农业景观的主要农产品产出水平，在评价过程中以其生产总值进行衡量。	V₁=y×P₁×S （1）式中：V₁为沙仔岛单位面积上的经济生产服务价值（元/hm²）；P₁为农产品的销售价格（元/kg）；y为农产品的产量（kg/hm²）；S为农用地面积（hm²）。	（曹莹等，2017）
调蓄洪水功能	研究区内各农业景观对于洪水、海水倒灌等自然灾害的调蓄水平	V₂=10⁴×S×H×P₂（2）式中：V₂为沙仔岛单位面积上的调蓄洪水服务价值（元/hm²）；S为面积（hm²）；H为水深（m）；P₂为单位蓄水量库容成本（0.67元/m³）；10⁴为换算系数。	（曹莹等，2017）
消浪护岸功能	研究区内各农业景观对于受水流冲刷和侵蚀淤积影响的江岸的保护水平。	V₃=0.125×L×ρ×g×v×h²×t×T_r （3）式中：V₃为沙仔岛单位面积上的消浪护岸服务价值（元/hm²）；L为沙仔岛岸线长度（7300 m）；ρ为西江口江水密度的平均值（1 kg/m³）；g为重力加速度（9.8 m/s²）；v为水流速（m/s¹）；h为平均浪高（m）；t为时间（3.15×10⁷ s/a）；T_r为波浪能的能值转换率（2.59×10⁴ sej/J）。	（曹莹等，2017）
土壤保护功能	研究区内各农业景观对于农田表层土壤的保护水平，使其免受冲刷剥离。	V₄=G×P₃×S （4）式中：V₄为沙仔岛单位面积上的土壤保护服务价值（元/hm²）；G为土壤保持总量（m³/hm²）；P₃为挖取和运输单位体积土方所需费用（元/hm²）；S为土地面积（hm²）。	（李丽等，2018）
生物多样性及栖息地保护功能	研究区内各农业景观对于动物的觅食、迁徙和提供动物栖息地的支持水平	V₅为沙仔岛单位面积上的生物多样性及栖息地保护服务价值（元/hm²），采用生态服务当量因子法，并根据沙仔岛的区域特征对价值当量参数进行修正。	（谢高地等，2015）
综合生态系统服务功能评价	综合5个生态系统服务功能进行计算	V=V₁+V₂+V₃+V₄+V₅ （5）式中：V为沙仔岛单位面积上的综合生态系统服务功能价值（元/hm²）。

Table 1

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Impact of Comprehensive Land Consolidation Rehabilitation on Ecosystem Services: A Case Study of the Shazai Island, Jiangmen, Guangdong Province

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