Abstract:

The spore-pollen composition, quartz surface morphology and characteristics ofchemical and mineral composition of some soils in Yunnan Province are studied in this paper. The results show that besides the soil forming factors at present, the evolution of soil environment also plays a great role on soil genetic properties. From the kinds and amounts of spore-pollen and quartz surface morphology, it can be concluded that soils of Dian No. 1 and No. 2 deposited under the temperate climate condition, and that of Dab No. 7 underthe dry subtropical climate condition, then all the three developed in a low-energy chemical erosion environment all along; and they were still in the stage between siallitization and fersiallitization, their main clay minerals were vermiculite, illite and montmorillite, respectively. Whereas the soil of Dian No. 4 deposited under the typical subtropical climate and went through the warm hash-energy erosion environment. The soil of No. 5.depositedunder the tropical climate condition and was influenced obviously by red earthening processes during Quaternary Period, both of them were already in the stage of ferallization though there still are some differences between their forming environments at present.

Key words: Soil, Genetic properties, Forming environment, Yunnan