热带地理

TROPICAL GEOGRAPHY ›› 2017, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (3): 304-317.doi: 10.13284/j.cnki.rddl.002952

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Characteristics and Forming Mechanisms of Architecture Cultural Landscape in Zhaoqing’s Traditional Villages

ZHANG Haolong，JIN Wanfu，ZHOU Chunshan   

  1. （School of Geography and Planning，Sun Yat-sen University，Guangzhou 510275，China）
  • Online:2017-05-05 Published:2017-05-05

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Abstract:

With the country’s increasing emphasis on the protection of traditional villages, domestic research on traditional villages has become more and more abundant since 2000. However, few studies discuss the characteristics and forming mechanisms of architecture cultural landscape of traditional villages in depth. This paper took the traditional villages in Zhaoqing as a case study to learn the characteristics and forming mechanisms of the architecture cultural landscape of traditional villages by GIS, spatial syntax, et al. The results show: 1) Influenced by the traditional landscape culture, the combinations between traditional villages and the natural geographical environment come in four types, i.e., living near waters, building around mountains, expanding on flat lands, and developing near hills and beside rivers. 2) The formation of spatial organization in some traditional villages is greatly influenced by the clan and kinship. And the spatial organization is conducive to the exchange of information among villagers and presents a multi-slice mode with the ancestral hall as the core node. 3) The streets around public places have a high degree of integration. Travelers can build up cognition for the spatial structure of the whole village on the flat terrain through the local spatial structure. 4) The architectural landscape in Zhaoqing’s traditional villages mainly includes Cantonese and Hakka, which display some significant differences in their spatial layout and internal structure. From the perspective of an architectural layout model, Cantonese and Hakka are mainly comb and enclosing houses, respectively. In terms of internal structure, Cantonese architecture emphasizes simplicity and practicality, while Hakka architecture shows the idea of “unification” and “harmony”. 5) Although there are different cultural zones in the region, their architectural culture is of a significant Lingnan cultural gene. 6) The formation of the architectural cultural landscape in Zhaoqing’s traditional villages is comprehensively affected by the natural geographical environment, social foundation, economic foundation and technical level. Among them, the geographical environment is the basement, social foundation and cultural heritage are the intrinsic power and the external power, respectively, and economic foundation and technical level are the guarantee.

Key words: traditional villages, architecture cultural landscape, mechanisms, Zhaoqing