Mangroves are largely distributed on tropical coasts,but they may occur in subtropical zones and those where there eds warm ocean currents poleward from mangrove-rich areas.Kuroshio Warm Current not only maintains higher sea-surface temperature than that would otherurse be expected at the latitude but also offers transportation conditions for mangrove propagation.In East Asia,the number of mangrove species decreases with the incerease of latitude.
It is very important ot eliminate the effects of high frequency variation(with periods from several months to several years)on determination of secular trend of relative sea levee(RSL).This is especially important for short time series.The normal equation of linear regression is usedto calculate the effects of high frequency components on determination of secular trend of RSL.It shows that high frequency components(with period less than 4 years)have signififcant effects on determination of secular trend of the short time series.Fourieg transform process is used to filter out the high frequency components.Secular trend of RSL is detetmined by linear regression.
The application of GIS to evaluation of urban construction land has good prospects.With Xiangcheng district of Zhangzhou,Fujian as an example,the design,development and application of information system for evaluation of suitability of urban construction land are discussed,An evaluation system of three grades of suitability is established.Supported by ARC/INFO software,9 factors to be evaluated are treated to produce 1798 spots on the map as the evaluating units.With the evaluating model the sum of the scores for each unit is calculated,and the suitability types of the land are confirmed according to the evaluating standards.Areas of various types are counted.And then,the maps of suitability evaluation are produced.
The suburbanization of Guangzhou had begun in the fate 1950s.Till the 1970s,many factories had been moved from the inner city to the suburb areas under the natiotal industraliztion policy.But because of the imperfectiom of the infrastructure and service facilities in the suburbs,most of the workers working in the moved factories had to live in the inner city.So the suburbanization policy actually failed to decentralize the population in the trier city.Since 1978,Guangzhou has been an area for testing China's economic reform and open-door policy,Rapid economic development has brought with fast population growth in the city.The spatial distribation of urban population has changed because of the migration out of the core areas.The population growth in the inner city is slower than that in the suburb areas.The pushing force from the reconstruction of the old city and the construction of infrastructure facilities,and the pulling force from the move of the factories and commercial acilities out of the inner city and the development of the real estate in the suburbs are the main dynamic factors for the intra-urban population migration.The intervention from the municipal government through urban planning,management,and other administrative ways are also importqnt for the suburbanization during this period.
In this peper the charactendics of the atmospheric moisture sinks and their relationships tothe flood tdischarges over the Beijiang Basin are analysed by using the data in the flood Periodfrom April to June for five years from 1980 to 1984 and the flood period in June,1994.The vertically integrated value of moisture sink is computed,which reflects the net amount of the moisture transported from the atmasphere to the underlying surface.The main findings may be summarized as follows:1(Pronounced atmospheric moisture sinks surpass some critical value for about one week prior to the flood peak arrival.The accumulation aam convergence of run-off due to the strong moisture over a large domain in a period lead to fooding.2(There exists good relationship between the yertically integrated value of moisture sink and flooding.The competed resulta thow that the flood discharge would reach its peak value two-day later than that of the moisture sink value.3(The tesults mentioned above provide a new method to the flood fotecast.Further work needs to be done in order to quantitatively predict the flood discharge using information about the moisture sink.
Climatic data from May to Septemfor for the years 1954-1990 in 47 stations over Guangdong Provi8nce are used.in an empirical orthogonal tunctions(also referred to eigenvectors or principal components)analysis of the change patterns of temperafure,precipitation and sunshine-duration.The first eigenvector of each variable describes the same phase change pattern;the others describe gradients in some directions.The most prominent features in the amplitude of the first eigenvector of each varable are periodic changes,especially 5,8 years intemperatore,and 11,18 years in precipitation;but no evident signals of linear trends.
Guangxi is situated in subtropical monsoon climate zone at low latitudes.Due to orographic effect,the rainfall distribution types are complicated in this region.Ageostrophic deviation is the dynamic cause of the spatial distribution of rainfall in Guangxi.Arc mountain mountain structure hasspecial effects on forming the climatic characteristics of Guangxi.In the earlier stage of flood season from from to June,various forms of obvious convergence aiways exist about Zhaoping County and a distinct rainfall centre is formed there.
The coastal islands of Guangdong Province are situated on the South China Sea,at 109°39'23''~117°18'45''E.and 20°14'00''~23°37'15''N,where the climate varies spatially from south subtropical to north tropical.Due to different latitudes the forest communities in the coastal islands show an increase in tropical floristic elements and a decrease in subtropical elements from northeast to southwest.On the basis of the characteristics of the forest communities,it is considered that the forests in the isands west of Halilng Island in Yangjiang Municipality belong to tropical evergreen monsoon rain forest and those in the islands east of Hailing belong to south subtropical evergreen broad-leaf forest.Hailing Island can be taken as the dividing line between south subtropical zone and north tropical zone for the coastal islands of Guangdong.
Hunan,located between the South China economic zone and the Yengtes River economiczone,has shaped bsaically the pattern of opening door to the north and the south.Its industrial distribution is in coordination with resource distribution,but its industrial structure has not been ratiotal.According to the plan of tree-stage development of spot,axis and network,suggestions about regional economic distribution in Hunan are put forwart.
Facts have shown that the shaping of the national cultural qualities in moden East Asia lies essentially in in heriting,developing and transforming the cultural tradition of the region and at the same time in absorbing and assimilating cultural and science from the West.These national cultural qualities are precisely the human basis on which this region depends for its economic growth.The recent developments in Japan and the "four tigers" have borne this out.On the one hand,the impact of the traditional culture is strongly felt:weight on national education,adherence to social ethics and moral values,and emphasis on the sense of responsibility and mission unity,coordination and team work.On the other,science and technology,economic theories and business administration are objects of pursuit among many people in these countries.Obviously such national cultural qualities provide the indispensable pre-requisite and basis for the economic development in Japan and the "four tigers" and play an ensuring and accelerating role in their continuous growth.The cases of Japan and the "four tigers" have given China much food for thought.China should do more to upgrade the national cultutal qualities in the course of her modermization.
As the base of tourism product development,tourism resources in Hainan island may bedevided into two main types-natural tourism resources and social-cultural tourism resources.They contain three attributes;natural attribute,cultural attribute and othet than natural-cultural attribute.According to the new cognition of tourism resources,the resource base of tourism development and the stuctural characteristics of tourism resourced in Hainan island are analysed systemtically in this paper.The structure of tourism resources in Hainan island may be classifiedinto three levels:1 (the basic level of tourism resources,including the tropical island landscapesand land resources for tourism development;2(the core level of tourism resources,including beaches,hot springs,mountains and forests;3(the complement level of tourism resources,including the custom,clothing and building landscapes of Li and Miao Minority,historicalremains,temples and others.In addition,on the basis of types and structural charasteristics of tonrism resources in Hainan island,the structural model of tourisms development is put forward,which can provide a new cognition approach to regional tourism planning and tourism product development.Lastly,by using AHP mothed with eight evaluating elements selected which influence straight and deeply tourism resource development,fuzzy evaluation of three coretourism resources in Hainen island is conducted.priority should be given to the development of Yalong Bay and other besches of good location condition.Guantang,Nantian,Xinlong andNanyang are A-class hot spring resorts of scale-developing value.The Wuzhishan andJianfengling are suitable for development of mountain-sightseeing,vacationing and forest ecotourism.
Guangzhou is a treasure-house of contemporary and modern historical sites in China,where there are 82 cultural relics at national,provincial and led levels,including 57% contemporary and modern revolution historiaal sites,which are the inportant components and major symbals of Guangzhou as a famous historical cultural city.The comtemporare and mordem historians sites as tourism resources in Guangzhou are characterized by their blight regional features,highreparation,obvious uniqueness and deep cultural connotation.Some historical sites are large in scale and relatively concentrative in distribution,Which can be developed as high level tourism districts with great attraction;producing good social and economic benefits.In light of the strategic target of building Guangzhou into an international modern metropolis and international tourism city in Asian-Pacific zone,stress for tourism industry should be put upon the development of contemporary and modern revolution historical sites.An overall plan should be made and tourismpropaganda should be actively conducted.More attsntion should be paid to the construction of the following four thematic arenery districts:the historical site of the Opium War at Human Fort,the former residence of Hong Xiuquan at Huadu,who was the leader of Chinese peasant revolution of the "Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement",the Memorial Park to the seventy-two Martyrs at Huanghuagang,and the Huangpu Military Academy at Changzhou Island.
