The Leiqiong area including Leizhou peninsula and northern pet of Hainan island is all of Quaterany volcanic rocks with an area of 7295.79 km2 except some outerops of Tertiary. Its area of volcanic rocks is the largest and the number of 177 volcanic cones ranks second among the 9 volcano groups in China. It is also one of the 4 volcano groups which were activated through the Quaternary.Based on the ages of 76 samples of rocks and the comparison of 107 drill hole sections, the volcanicity can be divided into 6 periods as follows; Q11 (2.3±0.72-0.99±0.49Ma),Q12 (0.904±0.054-0.76±0.07Ma), Q11(0.73±0.312Ma), Q22 (0.29±0.02-0.133±0.006Ma), Q31(0.127±0.02-0.098Ma) and Q33-Q41(0.013±0.009Ma). The forms of vol-calilcity were both crevice spill and central eruption while the former was common. From 33 sections, total 136 eruption cycles are distinguished, in which the weathering and depeitional unconformable boundaries of cycle account for 71%. It is obvious that the volcanism was intermittsnt.The eruption environment was marine before Q1 and terrestrial after Q2, res respectively. About 71% of the samples are thoce of tholeiite, and alkaline olivine basalt the next. It shows the tensile tectonic environment and the same resource of magma from upper mantle. The mechanism of volcanicity of rift valley in the Plate margin is associated with the relative movement of the three plates and the spseding of the South China sea. The Quaternary volcanism was the continuation of the Tertiary.
Kunming City lies in a typical fault basin of Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau. The unique geomorphic conditions affect its urban construction greatly. The geomorphy of Kunming City can be divided into 4 districts and 9 subdistricts. According to the geomorphic features and urban construction conditions of each district, it is considered that the large areas of piedmont plaleau and alluvial plain, with flat surface, good foundation and low value farmland, are suitable for urban construction and can be taken as the main geomorphic regions for urban development in future. The city should be developed eastwards firstly and northwards secondly, in its western part the internal structure should be adjusted, and in its southern part agriculture, fishery, sideline production and tourist industry should be developed.
The urbanization between the 3rd and 4th census of Guangdong Province is characterized by rapid development, more population involved in floating employment,spatially expanding situation, and areal variation in a striking contrast. The formation of these characteristics are closely related to the socio-economic development of the province. The rapid economic development in general is the foualltion of the rapid development of population urbaniration. The estublishment of the labour-intensive enterprises of the secondary and tertiary industries and the adoption of some flexible policies of aiming at drawing surplus rural labour forces have made the rapid urbanization a reality. The areal variations of the accumulated economic development level and of investment in recent years are the causes of the areal variations in both urbanization level and urbanization development. Judging from the common law of population urbanization and the eco-nomic development prosests in Guangdons, the authors consider that the relative rapid urbanization development of Guangdong will continue, and also, the present urbanization charactetistics will roughly last, in the coming 20 years.
To accelerate the industrial development of the mountain areas in Guangdong Province is the portant for the economic development in those areas and the modernization of the whole province in the next 2 decades. According to the analysis of the developing conditions, the author makes suggestions as follows: First, carry out an unusual and leap forward developerment strategy, develop resource-oriented industries, especially biological resource-consuming industries, based on the advantages of regional resources, and relying on the advance of science and technique, produce deeply processed and systematized products, enhancing the utilization rate of resoureces. With views to the market, also develop and enhance the market-oriented and high-tech industries. Second, combine intsrnal-extensive with external-extensive reproduction in developing regional economy. Improve the existing enterprises and tap their potentiality on the one hand,invest in new industrial items on the other, building some key enterprises as the regional economic braces, as to promot the development of the regional industry as a whole. Third, adjust and optimize the structure of industries and products, and organize enterprise groups. Fourth, strengthen the coanruction of the basic facilities to improve the investment climate, absorbing more funds from abroad and domestic sources.
In the last thirty years the process of urbanization in Taiwan speeded up, and the level of urbanization nowadays almost reached that of the developed countries. By the analysis of geo-grsphical and historical basis of economic and urban development of Taiwan, three aspects, including the relation between economic growth and urban development, the formation and develop-ment of metropolitan area, the effect of seaport upon city and industrial location, are ap proached. The authors consider that 1) The rapidly developed economy in the last thirty years ac-celerated the process of urbanization in Taiwan. 2) The population and industry coneerntration in space is the main force in the formation of Taibei, Taizhong and Gaoxiong metropolitan areas,which will expand and become an urban interloked area along south to north traffic corridor. 3)As the basis of economic development in Taiwan, the seaport decides the structure, spatial distribution and development direction of industry. Urban growth has been more interrelated with port development. 4) The strengthening of economic association between mainland and Taiwan will make a great influence on the urban development of Southeast Coastal China.
The development of the real estate industry in Guangdong has been seen an unprecedentedly prosperous scene since 1992. It is characterized by a big scale of development and operation, a high speed of increase, many enterprises participating in the development, a great influx of foreisn investment into real estate market, financial institutions penetrating real estate industry. As a result, the scale of land development has surpassed the limit of endurance of economic development, the market is confused, and the macro management is weak. The developing enterprises have not enough actual strength, capital is scattered, scale benefit is not so good. The structure of development and investment is too tilted, the amount of constructed high-grade building andresorts is too large. The price of houses and land is out of control, the extent of price rise is enormous. A number of banks have been involved in real estate industry, resulting in a chaos of finance of real eatate. It is, therefore, quite necessary for the state to tighten its control over andadjustment to the real estate market, to improve the real estate market mechanism, to perfect lawand rules, to forbid strictly speculation and profiteering, to develop intla-family transactions; toadjust reasonably the structUre of investment; to put in order the price system of real estate and to set up necessing intermediator organizations. As far as the total a-mount of demand of Guangdongreal abate market is concerned, the market is improving, but there will be fluctuations, it will soup spirally and Periodically.
Rare-earth manure is mainly heavy rare-earth deposit with rich yttrium in muscovite or muscovite-biotite grbote weathering crust, and that with middle-yttrium and middle-europium in gredtite or monzonite-granite weathering crust. The ore bodies are distributed in alumino-silli-sillica weathering crust of granite, covering the borock, like shells of sand soil and sub-sandsoil.The rare-earth grnde of ore (REO) is 0.08%-0.20%, with the highest 0.478%, and its changing range is 2.0-6.8 times as much as the abundance of rare-earth of mother rock.Rare-earth manure (mainly the chloride of light rare earth) can fully give play to geochemical action of living things, speed up the transformation of organic fertilizer, promote metabolism of living things and increase their pulse enersy, raise the output of crops and improve the quality of products. Its popularization and utilization have practical significance for the development of agriculture in mountainous areas, especially there of limestone.
As the development of cities and the enlargement of their sire, the total area of flat building tope are on the increase. The city ecological environment, however, is getting worse. The solution of this problem is greatly concerned about. The arthors consider that the city ecological environment be improved by offoreding the flat building tops. The effects of the afforestation on city climate is discussed though the ways of transplantation and imitation of numerical values. Then,based on the heat and water balance equations, the effects of afforesting the building tops on the climatic elements, such as temperature, humidity, wind, cloud, fog and rainfall etc., are estimated. Both the theoretical analysis and some unsystematic observations have ptoved that the afforestation of the flat building tops in the city will achieve not only ecological but economic benefits as well. Finally, the city constructing department are called upon to pay more attention to the development and utilization of the flat building tops in the city.
From their practices of production and teaching since the 1960s, the authors made a systematic research on the palmaceae plants in Hainan Island in this peper. According to the investigation, there are 68 species of 32 genera of palmaceae in Hainan Island, of which 32 species of 11 genera are naturally distributed, and 36 species of 21 genera are introduced from other areas.The natural distribution and ecological characteristics of palmaceae plant resources in Hainan Island are described in detail. The measurements and ways for developing and protecting palmaceae resources are put forward.
There are some similarities in terms of the climatical conditions, soils and flora between China and Australia. A great number of tree species in Australia are suitable to the tropical and sum tropical areas in China. The temperature, rainfall and its seasonal distribution, different from those in Australia, and cold air currents in winter time are main physical factors which limit growing Australian tree species in China, Australia is one of the donor countries for thd Chinese tree introduction. About 320 species (45 genera and 21 families) of woody plants have been transfered into China. These species are of key importance in South China for afforestation, soil and water conservation, landscape design and gend conservation ex situ. Among the Australian tree species currently grown as exotics in China, Eucalyptus, Acacia and Casuarina are even more important for plantation forestry for wood production. Species of other genera, such as Grevillea,Melaleuca, Callitris, Araucaria and Agathis, are also quite important for agroforestry and ornamental uses.
Taking Hunan Province as an example, the author presents 6 principles for regional division of mountainous tourism resources: the amount of tourism resources and their concentration and dispersion degrees; the resemblance of geological and geomorphological features of resources; similarity of combination of the resource types; the more or less identity of developing and utilizing history current situation and conditions of the mountainous tourism resources; the integrity of area, and that of administrative divisions. 4 principles of development of mountainous tourism resources are put forward: principle of an overall point of view,that of stressing characteristics,that of economic benefit, and that of protecting resources.
A book, New Writtings on Written by a Cantonese on Dajun at the turn of Ming and Qing Dynasties, should be considered a masterpiece about the historical geography south of the Five Ridges. The book was rich in contents, involving many aspects of physical, economic, cultural, settlement and nationality geographies and describing the landscape,products, scenic spots and historians sites, local conditions and customs, outstanding persons,academic origin and progress, handicrafts, minority nationalities, townscape, foreign trade in the area south of the Five Ridges in detail. It therefore could be praised an encyclopaedia about the geography of the area. The full and accurate materials in this bob were mainly obtained by the author's investigation and fieldwork. Many of his original ideas accorded with the principles of modern geography and had the high acdemic level and value. But Qu's book, due to being regarded as the local economic, ideological or sociological histories, has long been stifled at Chinese geographical history. The author considers that this is unfair and suggests that the attention be paid to the study on this book with the renaissance of China's human geography and Qu and his book be put in the due historical and academic positions.
