“三生”协同视角下生态空间识别与优化研究进展与展望
高新蕊:可视化分析及分析结果总结、研究结论、论文修改;
李平星:论文选题、理论基础、修改指导、基金支持;
梁 鑫:论文修改、研究展望、文本校对;
王履华:论文修改。
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高新蕊(2002—),女,河北唐山人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为土地利用的生态环境效应,(E-mail)gaoxinruiii@163.com; |
收稿日期: 2025-05-16
修回日期: 2025-06-25
网络出版日期: 2025-11-04
基金资助
国家自然科学基金项目(42377488)
Research Progress and Prospects for Ecological Space Identification and Optimization from the Perspective of "Sansheng" Synergy
Received date: 2025-05-16
Revised date: 2025-06-25
Online published: 2025-11-04
梳理生态空间识别与优化的研究进展,可深化生态空间研究的系统性认知,揭示生态空间研究如何从孤立保护走向系统治理,进而为国土空间综合治理和可持续发展提供参考。文章基于“三生”协同视角,运用文献计量方法,借助CiteSpace分析2000—2024年国内外相关研究热点,结合传统综述方法,梳理其研究进展,总结现有研究的不足,并展望未来发展方向。结果发现:1)研究期内,国内外发文量增幅相异但趋势相似,研究重心从单一的生态空间识别逐渐转向多功能生态空间的集成管理;2)生态空间内涵呈现从格局认知到功能统筹、人地协同的演变趋势,但关于协同机制缺少系统研究,未能有效缓解空间功能冲突;3)生态空间的研究方法持续优化,从要素、功能、过程和人地关系维度推动了生态空间研究体系的不断完善,然而多源数据异质性导致动态监测和多尺度分析存在一定均值误差;4)生态空间优化研究强调“三生”空间统筹,通过刚弹结合调控逻辑,守住生态安全底线的同时,推动生态功能向生产、生活价值转化,但在复杂人地系统的应用中,统筹生态过程与人类活动的动态建模仍需优化。未来应聚焦多源数据融合处理、人地系统互馈模拟及智能决策平台构建,强化生态空间保护修复与国土空间规划的深度衔接,为协同区域生态安全与高质量发展提供科学支撑。
高新蕊 , 李平星 , 梁鑫 , 王履华 . “三生”协同视角下生态空间识别与优化研究进展与展望[J]. 热带地理, 2025 , 45(10) : 1892 -1903 . DOI: 10.13284/j.cnki.rddl.20250320
Ecological space is a key component of national spatial planning initiatives, the scientific identification and optimization of which serve as a foundation for achieving sustainable spatial governance. In this study, we adopted a "production-living-ecological" collaborative perspective based on an integration of bibliometric analysis with traditional review methods. Utilizing CiteSpace, we examined relevant research hotspots, both domestically and internationally, from 2000 to 2024, and, herein, we outlined the progress in research, identified existing gaps in the literature, and anticipated the future directions of development. Our findings indicate that throughout the study period, although rates of increase in the numbers of papers published have differed between domestic and international contexts, they have shown broadly similar trends. The increase in published works was closely linked to the formulation of pertinent policies and driven by crisis agendas. Moreover, the focus of research has gradually transitioned from identifying individual ecological spaces to managing multifunctional ecological spaces in an integrated manner. In addition, we identified a trend in which the conceptualization of ecological space is evolving from mere pattern recognition toward functional coordination and human-land collaboration. A key factor associated with this evolution is the transcendence of the optimization of ecological space over traditional zonal thinking, emphasizing that it should instead be incorporated into a production-living-ecological collaborative framework to facilitate comprehensive territorial governance. Furthermore, we found that the index system for identifying ecological spaces has been continuously refined and that research methodologies have undergone constant optimization. This system primarily encompasses the following four categories: identification based on ecological elements and ecosystem composition; identification grounded in ecological functions and services; identification focused on ecological processes and spatial connectivity; and identification related to human-land relationships. These advances have contributed to a substatial enhancement of the research framework surrounding ecological space across the four dimensions elements, functions, processes, and relationships. Research on ecological space optimization highlights the importance of coordinated development among the production-living-ecological spaces. By integrating both rigid and flexible regulatory frameworks, this approach not only safeguards ecological security but also facilitates the transformation of ecological functions to productive and living values. This encompasses independent layout optimization studies, comprehensive enhancement of production-living-ecological spaces, and regional territorial space structure optimization. However, despite these advances, considerable deficiencies remain in the realm of ecological space identification and optimization research. These include a lack of systematic investigations into collaborative mechanisms, heterogeneity in multi-source data that results in certain mean errors during dynamic monitoring and multi-scale analysis, and a pressing need to optimize dynamic modeling that effectively integrates ecological processes with human activities within complex human-land systems. Looking ahead, it will be essential to strengthen the connection between ecological space protection and restoration efforts and territorial spatial planning. Such integration will provide scientific support for achieving a coordinated type of development that is conducive to facilitating both regional ecological security and high-quality growth.
表1 生态空间识别方法对比Table 1 Comparison of ecological space identification methods |
| 类型 | 技术方法 | 适用场景 | 优缺点 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 基于生态要素与 生态系统构成 | 遥感解析、GIS空间分析、 土地分类 | 划定生态保护区、 要素稳定区域 | 数据客观、成本低;但忽略动态过程, 无法充分反映生态服务功能 |
| 基于生态功能与服务 | 生态服务评价模型、 敏感性评价、指标体系 | 关键生态服务区识别、 服务价值评估 | 直观反映生态系统服务与功能,支持决策; 但数据需求高,主观性强 |
| 基于生态过程与 空间连通性 | 最小累积阻力模型、 生态网络分析 | 物种迁徙保护、 生境连通性维护 | 捕捉生态过程动态与空间联系; 计算复杂,阻力值主观 |
| 基于人地关系与 综合管理格局 | 多源数据融合、 跨尺度分析 | 国土空间规划、 城乡协调区域 | 综合自然-社会-经济因素,但数据异构整合难 |
表2 生态空间政策工具效能对比Table 2 Comparison of the effectiveness of ecological space policy tools |
| 类型 | 中国案例 | 国际案例 | 优缺点 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 空间协同 | “三区三线”;京津冀生态协同;长江经济带“多规合一”生态管控;粤港澳大湾区生态廊道与生态屏障建设等 | 日本数字田园都市国家构想;英国生态基础 设施规划治理等 | 多功能统筹; 但跨部门协调成本高 |
| 刚性管控 | 生态保护红线;自然保护地;长江十年禁渔计划;国家公园体制试点等 | 欧盟Natura 2000自然保护地网络;美国《濒危物种法》下的栖息地保护等 | 保护效果可量化; 但经济激励不足 |
| 经济激励 | 流域生态保护补偿;草原补奖政策;碳交易试点;退耕还林还草等 | 美国土地信托;哥斯达黎加生态系统服务付费计划;加拿大湿地生态补偿与交易机制等 | 提升主体积极性; 但市场流动性低 |
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