Distribution Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Traditional Market Towns and Linpan Settlements in Chengdu Plain: A Case Study of Pi County, Chengdu City
Received date: 2020-03-08
Revised date: 2020-05-19
Online published: 2020-10-10
Linpan is a unique, scattered rural settlement in Chengdu Plain. Linpan residents exchange materials and information in the market town, which is the central node of the traditional era. The spatial distribution of traditional market towns and Linpan settlements is developed on the basis of certain natural and social conditions, which are the manifestations of the relationship between man and land in Chengdu Plain. This study took Pi county as an example, as it represents the regional characteristic of Linpan in Chengdu plain. According to modern maps and related geographic information, this study revealed the changes in spatial distribution characteristics of Linpan settlements and the distribution of market towns in Pi County in 1947, 1970, 1985, 2000, and 2018, using GIS spatial analysis, kernel density estimation, Euclidean distance, Gini coefficient, and other methods. The results are as follows: First, there are clear spatial differences in the distribution of Linpan settlements in different periods. From the distribution characteristics of different periods, before economic reforms and liberalization, the distribution of Linpan settlements was affected by its political and economic center. Thereafter, the distribution of Linpan settlements demonstrates the characteristics of homogenization and rapid development. However, the process of urbanization has fundamentally changed the scattered characteristics of Linpan settlements, and its aggregation degree has considerably increased. From the distribution changes over time, the high-density Linpan settlements tend to distribute around the traditional market towns and urban built-up areas. Second, the market radius of the traditional market town is about 3 km, and the traffic condition primarily determines the site selection of the traditional town. Before the end of the Republic of China, the location of the market town was affected by waterway traffic. Afterwards, the transportation convenience introduced by waterway traffic was replaced by land traffic. Third, the equilibrium degree of spatial distribution of traditional market towns in different periods, is in the following order: 1985 > 2000 > 1970 > 2018 > 1947. The distribution of traditional market towns would tend to be balanced with the self-organizing behavior of Linpan residents and the regulation and control of relevant policies. However, because of an increase in policy intervention in the early stage of economic reforms and liberalization, the market town is no longer affected by the spontaneous activities of Linpan residents. The trading space of the market and town has changed from the traditional streets, squares, teahouses, and clubhouse gates to facilities and indoor fixed places. Finally, Linpan settlements are distributed along the river system. In the traditional period, the relationship between Linpan settlements and the major roads was not significant. However, currently, the Linpan settlements are distributed along the road. Based on the comparative analysis of several periods, this study reveals the distribution characteristics and evolution process of traditional market towns and Linpan settlements and discusses the relationship between them. Moreover, this can provide a new perspective for the orderly and healthy development of urban and rural space in Chengdu Plain.
Xueyuan Huang , Lei Zhang , Lian Zhou . Distribution Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Traditional Market Towns and Linpan Settlements in Chengdu Plain: A Case Study of Pi County, Chengdu City[J]. Tropical Geography, 2020 , 40(5) : 856 -867 . DOI: 10.13284/j.cnki.rddl.003274
表1 场镇3 km半径内林盘居民点数量变化表(1947—2018年)Table 1 Quantity change of Linpan settlements within the radius of 3 km of the Market-town during 1947-2018 |
1947年 | 1970年 | 1985年 | 2000年 | 2018年 | |||||||||
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场镇名称 | 数量/个 | 场镇名称 | 数量/个 | 场镇名称 | 数量/个 | 场镇名称 | 数量/个 | 场镇名称 | 数量/个 | ||||
郫筒镇 | 51 | 郫筒镇 | 28 | 郫筒镇 | 31 | 郫筒镇 | 48 | 郫筒街道Ⅳ | — | ||||
晨光场Ⅱ | 33 | 晨光乡 | 30 | — | — | ||||||||
永定场 | 41 | 三道堰(永定场) | 15 | 三道堰镇 | 29 | 三道堰镇 | 61 | 三道堰镇 | 34 | ||||
永兴场 | 40 | 永兴场 | 27 | 两路口(永兴场) | 26 | 两路口镇 | 58 | 两路口(隶属安德镇) | 33 | ||||
花园场 | 34 | 花园场 | 12 | 花园镇 | 23 | 花园镇 | 25 | 花园镇 | 11 | ||||
三元场 | 33 | 友爱场(三元场) | 33 | 友爱乡(三元场) | 26 | 友爱镇 | 55 | 友爱镇 | 21 | ||||
新场 | 31 | 新民场(新场) | 20 | 新民场(新场) | 28 | 新民场镇 | 62 | 新民场镇 | 42 | ||||
合兴场 | 30 | 红光场(合兴场) | 24 | 红光乡(高店子) | 30 | 红光镇 | 21 | 红光镇Ⅳ | — | ||||
德源场 | 26 | 德源场 | 21 | 德源乡(大禹庙) | 20 | 德源镇 | 43 | 德源镇 | 28 | ||||
马镇场 | 26 | 古城场(马镇场) | 10 | 古城乡(马街) | 19 | 古城镇 | 51 | 古城镇 | 31 | ||||
犀浦场 | 23 | 犀浦镇 | 20 | 犀浦镇 | 33 | 犀浦镇 | 28 | 犀浦镇Ⅳ | — | ||||
何家场 | 19 | 何家场 | 25 | 清河乡(何家场) | 28 | 清河镇 | 59 | 何家场(隶属友爱镇) | 16 | ||||
何家场 | 41 | ||||||||||||
回龙场 | 18 | 合作场(回龙场) | 18 | 合作乡(毛家桥) | 20 | 合作镇 | 22 | 合作街道Ⅳ | — | ||||
太和场 | 14 | 团结场 (太和场、仁义场) | 15 | 团结镇 (太和场) | 28 | 团结镇 | 45 | 团结镇 | 33 | ||||
仁义场 | 11 | ||||||||||||
清平场Ⅰ | 32 | 红星场Ⅱ | 28 | 红星乡 | 26 | — | — | — | — | ||||
龙家湾Ⅰ | 30 | 崇兴场Ⅱ | 23 | 崇兴乡 | 26 | 红兴镇 | 52 | — | — | ||||
青杠树Ⅰ | 23 | 安德铺Ⅲ | 24 | 安德镇(安德铺) | 25 | 安德镇 | 55 | 安德镇 | 26 | ||||
青龙场Ⅰ | 22 | 竹瓦铺Ⅲ | 19 | 新胜乡(竹瓦铺) | 23 | 新胜镇 | 44 | 新胜社区(隶属唐昌镇) | 34 | ||||
唐昌镇Ⅲ | 19 | 唐昌镇 | 17 | 唐昌镇 | 47 | 唐昌镇(西) | 31 | ||||||
唐昌镇(东) | 31 | ||||||||||||
安靖场Ⅲ | 17 | 安靖乡(下两路口) | 23 | 安靖镇 | 36 | 安靖镇 | 6 | ||||||
唐元场Ⅲ | 13 | 唐元乡(万寿场) | 24 | 唐元镇 | 63 | 唐元镇 | 32 | ||||||
鱼凫桥Ⅱ | 14 | 西园街道Ⅳ | — |
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表2 不同缓冲区条件下林盘居民点数量表Table 2 The Linpan settlements under different buffer conditions |
缓冲区半径/m | 1947年 | 1970年 | 1985年 | 2000年 | 2018年 | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
数量/个 | 比例/% | 数量/个 | 比例/% | 数量/个 | 比例/% | 数量/个 | 比例/% | 数量/个 | 比例/% | ||||||
主 要 道 路 | 0~250 | 185 | 50.14 | 52 | 15.38 | 93 | 22.04 | 238 | 32.87 | 189 | 55.59 | ||||
250~500 | 117 | 31.70 | 73 | 21.60 | 53 | 12.56 | 139 | 19.20 | 83 | 24.41 | |||||
500~1 000 | 52 | 14.09 | 108 | 31.95 | 115 | 27.25 | 201 | 27.76 | 62 | 18.24 | |||||
1 000~1 500 | 13 | 3.53 | 57 | 16.87 | 81 | 19.19 | 111 | 15.33 | 6 | 1.76 | |||||
>1500 | 2 | 0.54 | 48 | 14.20 | 80 | 18.96 | 35 | 4.83 | 0 | — | |||||
河 流 水 系 | 0~200 | 306 | 82.93 | 219 | 64.79 | 372 | 88.15 | 623 | 86.05 | 321 | 94.41 | ||||
200~300 | 45 | 12.19 | 70 | 20.71 | 26 | 6.16 | 63 | 8.70 | 8 | 2.35 | |||||
300~500 | 18 | 4.88 | 39 | 11.54 | 21 | 4.98 | 28 | 3.87 | 11 | 3.24 | |||||
>500 | 0 | — | 10 | 2.96 | 3 | 0.71 | 10 | 1.38 | 0 | — |
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