The Impact of Enterprise Internetization on Innovation Levels of Advanced Manufacturing Enterprises in Guangdong Province: Evidence from Computer, Communication, and other Electronic Equipment Manufacturing Companies
Received date: 2022-06-09
Revised date: 2022-08-20
Online published: 2023-05-08
Technological innovation is considered an important source of national economic development, but existing studies have found that there are few independent research and development (R&D) activities in Chinese enterprises, and the achievement transformation of R&D investment is still facing great difficulties. As a new technical means, Internetization is regarded as an important driving force for promoting enterprise innovation in the information technology era. However, few empirical studies have conducted detailed analyses of the relationship between Internetization and enterprise innovation, ignoring the fact that Internetization can quickly transfer information. Therefore, based on the invention patent data of listed enterprises in the computer, communication, and other electronic equipment manufacturing industries in Guangdong Province from 2012 to 2020, and dividing Internetization into two types: Information Internetization and Application Internetization, this study analyzes the basic characteristics of enterprise Internetization and its impact mechanism on enterprise innovation in Guangdong Province by using inverse distance weight interpolation, panel regression, intermediary effect, and test and panel quantile models. The results show that Guangzhou and Shenzhen are the main innovation centers in Guangdong Province, of which Shenzhen is the main core and Guangzhou is the sub-core, effectively improving innovation ability in the surrounding areas. Second, the Internetization level of enterprises in Guangdong is increasing annually. Enterprises with high Internetization levels are mainly distributed in the Pearl River Delta. Simultaneously, the information Internetization level of enterprises in Guangdong was generally higher than the application Internetization level. Next, increasing the degree of enterprise Internetization contributes to an increase in innovation output. At different innovation levels, the impact of Internetization on enterprise innovation output shows a "U" shape, and Internetization can improve the innovation level of enterprises by improving the scale and quality of R&D investment, as well as effectively reducing negative externalities. Finally, as a new technical means, the Internet can more effectively promote the optimization of enterprise management structure and improvement of internal communication efficiency, and promote the improvement of innovation efficiency by reducing negative externalities, compared with "informatization" and other means. Simultaneously, the innovation-driving effect of different types of Internetization forms shows different characteristics. The innovation impact of information Internetization is effective, inexpensive, and can improve R&D investment. The cost of Application Internetization is higher, making it more suitable for large enterprises.
Yingjie Zhou , Lixun Li . The Impact of Enterprise Internetization on Innovation Levels of Advanced Manufacturing Enterprises in Guangdong Province: Evidence from Computer, Communication, and other Electronic Equipment Manufacturing Companies[J]. Tropical Geography, 2023 , 43(4) : 769 -782 . DOI: 10.13284/j.cnki.rddl.003653
表1 互联网化水平评价体系Table 1 The evaluation system of Internetization level |
| 一级指标 | 二级指标 | 指标解释 |
|---|---|---|
| 信息 互联网化 | 企业是否使用新浪微博 企业是否使用微信公众号 企业是否公示邮箱 | 评价企业当年对市场信息的重视程度,是否利于互联网获取潜在客户和其他创新主体的反馈信息从而提升创新能力。 |
| 应用 互联网化 | 企业是否使用电子商务 企业是否应用大数据技术 企业是否应用数字技术 | 评价企业当年使用互联网平台关键应用和服务,处理所获信息的能力。企业在通过平台应用的过程中进行探索式学习,通过处理海量互联网信息以明确市场创新需求,以促进自身创新水平。 |
表2 企业互联网化对企业创新水平影响的面板固定效应模型估计结果Table 2 The panel fixed effect estimation of enterprise Internetization on innovation level |
| 解释变量 | 信息互联网化和应用互联网化 | 互联网化 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 模型1 | 模型2 | 模型3 | 模型4 | 模型5 | ||
| 信息互联网化 | 0.523***(8.40) | 0.490***(5.93) | — | — | — | |
| 应用互联网化 | 0.378***(5.14) | 0.304***(3.82) | — | — | — | |
| 互联网化 | — | — | 0.462***(10.16) | 0.394***(7.17) | 0.371***(6.81) | |
| 互联网化×lnRD(交互项) | — | — | 0.085***(3.90) | |||
| Age | -0.022***(-2.67) | -0.001(-0.07) | -0.023***(-2.80) | -0.002(-0.20) | -0.006(-0.49) | |
| lnCAP | -0.436***(-3.86) | -0.937***(-4.30) | -0.487***(-4.54) | -0.939***(-4.30) | -0.855***(-3.95) | |
| lnINT | -0.258(-0.87) | 0.172(0.39) | -0.257(-0.87) | 0.167(0.38) | 0.222(0.51) | |
| lnGrowth | 0.682***(3.03) | 0.563**(2.40) | 0.693***(3.09) | 0.588**(2.51) | 0.606***(2.62) | |
| lnRD | — | 0.191***(5.36) | — | 0.191***(5.36) | 0.198***(5.63) | |
| 所有制固定效应 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 | |
| 时间固定效应 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 | |
| 地区固定效应 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 | |
| 样本量 | 1 510 | 1 510 | 1 510 | 1 510 | 1 510 | |
| R² | 0.21 | 0.30 | 0.20 | 0.29 | 0.31 | |
|
表3 以研发投入为中介变量的中介效应模型估计结果Table 3 The regression results for the intermediary effect model with R&D as the intermediary variable |
| 解释变量 | 信息和应用互联网化 | 互联网化 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 第一步 | 第二步 | 第三步 | 第一步 | 第二步 | 第三步 | ||
| 被解释变量 | lnPAT | lnRD | lnPAT | lnPAT | lnRD | lnPAT | |
| 信息互联网化 | 0.523***(8.40) | 0.253***(3.41) | 0.490***(5.93) | — | — | — | |
| 应用互联网化 | 0.378***(5.14) | 0.189***(2.69) | 0.304***(3.82) | — | — | — | |
| 互联网化 | — | — | — | 0.462***(10.16) | 0.219***(4.59) | 0.394***(7.17) | |
| Age | -0.022***(-2.67) | 0.026***(2.57) | -0.001(-0.07) | -0.023***(-2.80) | 0.026**(2.54) | -0.002(-0.20) | |
| lnCAP | -0.436***(-3.86) | -1.030***(-5.64) | -0.937***(-4.30) | -0.487***(-4.54) | -1.026***(-5.62) | -0.939***(-4.30) | |
| lnINT | -0.258(-0.87) | 0.580*(1.67) | 0.172(0.39) | -0.257(-0.87) | 0.578*(1.66) | 0.168(0.38) | |
| lnGrowth | 0.682***(3.03) | 0.188(0.93) | 0.563**(2.40) | 0.693***(3.09) | 0.197(0.98) | 0.588**(2.51) | |
| lnRD | — | — | 0.191***(5.36) | — | — | 0.191***(5.36) | |
| 所有制固定效应 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 | |
| 时间固定效应 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 | |
| 城市固定效应 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 | |
| 样本量 | 1 510 | 1 510 | 1 510 | 1 510 | 1 510 | 1 510 | |
| R² | 0.21 | 0.20 | 0.30 | 0.20 | 0.18 | 0.25 | |
表4 企业互联网化对企业创新水平影响在不同创新水平上的差异Table 4 The heterogeneity effect of enterprise internetization on innovation level |
| 解释变量 | q25 | q50 | q75 | q25 | q50 | q75 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 信息互联网化 | 0.604***(6.88) | 0.450***(6.11) | 0.404***(4.65) | — | — | — | |
| 应用互联网化 | 0.498***(4.19) | 0.273***(2.85) | 0.353***(2.66) | — | — | — | |
| 互联网化 | — | — | — | 0.545***(8.11) | 0.351***(5.70) | 0.400***(5.13) | |
| Age | -0.039***(-2.81) | -0.023*(-1.90) | -0.017(-1.26) | -0.038***(-3.21) | -0.019*(0.057) | -0.019(-1.38) | |
| lnCAP | -0.735***(-3.95) | -0.385***(-2.60) | -0.346*(-1.75) | -0.756***(-4.05) | -0.415***(-2.91) | -0.385**(-2.34) | |
| lnINT | 0.033(0.08) | -0.216(-0.67) | -0.277(-0.68) | -0.009(-0.02) | -0.349(-0.93) | -0.270(-0.69) | |
| lnGrowth | 0.810**(2.52) | 0.797**(2.38) | 0.827**(2.15) | 0.690**(2.20) | 0.873***(2.59) | 0.853**(2.48) | |
| 所有制固定效应 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 | |
| 时间固定效应 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 | |
| 地区固定效应 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 | |
| 样本量 | 1 510 | 1 510 | 1 510 | 1 510 | 1 510 | 1 510 | |
| pseudo R² | 0.15 | 0.12 | 0.11 | 0.15 | 0.12 | 0.11 |
表5 广东省分地区回归结果Table 5 The results of regional regression in Guangdong Province |
| 解释变量 | 广佛肇 | 深莞惠 | 其他城市 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 信息互联网化 | 0.416**(2.29) | — | 0.539***(7.60) | — | 0.048(0.24) | — | ||
| 应用互联网化 | 0.514**(2.04) | — | 0.349***(4.18) | — | -0.016(-0.08) | — | ||
| 互联网化 | — | 0.449***(3.03) | — | 0.458***(8.87) | — | 0.017(0.11) | ||
| 控制变量 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 | ||
| 所有制固定效应 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 | ||
| 时间固定效应 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 | ||
| 地区固定效应 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 | ||
| 样本量 | 180 | 180 | 1 170 | 1 170 | 160 | 160 | ||
| R² | 0.45 | 0.45 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.71 | 0.71 | ||

1 https://pss-system.cponline.cnipa.gov.cn/conventionalSearch
2 https://www.gtarsc.com/
3 https://www.ceicdata.com/zh-hans/china/internet-number-of-broadband-subscriber-prefecture-level-city
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