Research Progress and Implication of Cultural Memory Space from the Perspective of Geography
Received date: 2021-04-25
Revised date: 2021-10-20
Online published: 2023-06-13
Cultural memory is a spiritual, inner, and middle world composed of self-consciousness, memory, and behavior that expresses the cultural phenomenon, local emotions, and identity generated by human practice in the present world space. Geography pays more attention to the human-land relationship and spatial perception in the formation of cultural memory and constructs a unique cultural memory space. This space is the agglomeration of figurative cultural relics in space, as well as the spiritual representation of non-figurative places, such as art, text, and folklore in space. By systematically analyzing the theory of cultural memory, this study summarizes the process of evolution and development context of cultural memory. Based on 1,527 key domestic and international studies on geography, this study analyzes the main content and progress of global cultural memory space research from the perspective of keyword co-occurrence clustering, theme path evolution, and research trend, with the assistance of CiteSpace—the bibliometrics and visualization tool. By reviewing the frontier hot spots of cultural memory space research at home and abroad, this study aims to construct a research paradigm of cultural memory from the perspective of geography, improve the research methods of cultural memory, and provide a reference for the local application and multidisciplinary integration of cultural memory theory. The analysis results focus the research topics of foreign cultural memory space primarily on: 1) the memory representation of the landscape of daily life; and 2) political and ritual studies in memory. Domestic research topics primarily include: 1) cultural and local studies in collective and social memory; 2) research on urban and rural memory carried by space; and 3) research on heritage memory reproduction, promoted by cultural tourism. The literature on cultural memory space at home and abroad has gradually increased in recent years, as has the attention paid to memorial landscape, heritage buildings, ritual celebrations, war trauma, and national memory; however, the research on cultural memory space has not formed a specific theoretical paradigm. Most of the literature only focuses on the integration of cultural memory and other fields, and relatively few studies address the connotation of cultural memory space, media conversion mechanisms, and spatial identification methods. The perspective of the content and trends in domestic and foreign research indicates that Western scholars pay more attention to the study of migration, rights, free will, women, power politics, and war trauma. The focus on space is mainly on cities, emotions, and rights. Domestic geographers focus on deconstructing regionalized and China-seized cultural memory and local identity from the intangible carrier of memory. Most studies are based on obvious policy orientations. War sites, red tourist sites, traditional villages, characteristic folk customs, and festival ceremonies have become important themes in the study of cultural memory space. In the future, geography research should depict the practical process of text, ritual, and language through non-representational means and re-introduce memory into human research in a materialized way. Simultaneously, the connotation of urban and rural cultural memory should be clearly defined, and heritage, immigration, and tourism should be adopted as the new themes of cultural memory space research through digital images.
Jianwu Qi , Wei Li , Lucang Wang , Kai Zhang . Research Progress and Implication of Cultural Memory Space from the Perspective of Geography[J]. Tropical Geography, 2023 , 43(5) : 913 -928 . DOI: 10.13284/j.cnki.rddl.003559
表1 现代性时期记忆的演变脉络Table 1 Evolution process of memory in the period of modernity |
阶段 | 记忆 | 集体记忆 | 社会记忆 |
---|---|---|---|
内涵解释 | 记忆和回忆的基本前提是具有大脑和中枢神经系统的生物体。回忆是个体通过大脑对过去活动、感受、经验的印象累积和再现。 | 一个特定社会群体之成员共享往事的过程和结果,保证集体记忆传承的条件是社会交往及群体意识需要提取该记忆的延续性。 | 在社会框架内通过各种媒介、图像所保存和流传的记忆。由群体认知中的经验、历史、神话,借助仪式、口述等形象化的物体为媒介而储存。 |
形成环境 | 客观事物 | 相互交流共同经验的各自版本的独立个体 | 基于社会框架约束的可供媒介解释的文化环境 |
作用机制 | 编码、储存、解码 | 时间、社会交往 | 隐喻、象征、解构 |
记忆载体 | 具有大脑的生物体 | 共同生活、语言交流的情感关系 | 文字、图像、仪式、符号等形象化的媒介 |
记忆特性 | 时间性、动态性、可感知性,由短时、长时和感觉记忆系统组成 | 社会性、集体性、结构性,以当下社会发展需求回忆过往历史中被需要的部分 | 互文性、社会性、象征性,可被仪式、文字、图像等外在符号表征 |
记忆目的 | 以知觉与感觉为基础信息来源促进思维决策和更新 | 反映集体的身份认同,从群体内部的角度观察和建构过去 | 以深刻的视觉语言描绘社会现象,解释社会框架内的文化内涵 |
图3 国内外文化记忆研究关键词共现聚类Fig.3 Key words co-occurrence clustering diagram of cultural memory research at home and abroad |
表2 国内外文化记忆研究关键词共现前10位聚类Table 2 Top 10 key words co-occurrence clustering of cultural memory research at home and abroad |
聚类 | 关联数 | 关联强度 | 共现频次 | 共现词 |
---|---|---|---|---|
文化记忆 | 109 | 594 | 274 | collective memory、cultural memory、cultural heritage、geographies、museums、nostalgia、stories、tourism、representation、urban space、传统文化、城市空间 |
集体记忆 | 46 | 83 | 132 | 乡愁、乡村振兴、叙事、地方、文化景观、文化遗产、种群认同、空间、地方认同、文化建构、旅游体验、现代性、社会认同、身份认同 |
文化遗产 | 67 | 149 | 74 | community、conservation、cosmopolitanism、cultural capital、life、management、mobility、sense of place、social memory、violence、口述史、档案 |
历史 | 60 | 113 | 70 | city、culture、public spaces、urban、历史、城市、人类学、文化、遗忘、重构 |
地缘政治 | 82 | 288 | 65 | Berlin、bucharest、cultural landscape、geographies、GIS、identity、inscription、names、power、street names、toponymy |
记忆 | 21 | 52 | 58 | 创伤记忆、文化创伤 |
地方 | 76 | 250 | 56 | affect、art、cultural-geography、landscapes、spaces、time |
认同 | 53 | 133 | 52 | cultural geography、film、geopolitics、Germany、home、migration、monuments、Poland、politics of memory、公共空间、地方感、权利、民族主义、国家认同、文化建构、文旅融合、族群记忆、日常生活 |
景观 | 69 | 183 | 49 | commemoration、diaspora、nationalism、space、state、Turkey |
城市记忆 | 10 | 17 | 34 | 仪式、博物馆、城市化、文化传承、文化空间、文化遗产保护、民间信仰 |
漆建武:负责文章研究整体框架的设定,核心内容的撰写与修改,研究方法选择与数据分析;
李 巍:负责文章进度把控,修改与意见回复;
王录仓:负责核心理论的解释与梳理,研究内容的撰写与修改;
张 凯:协助负责数据分析,图件修改及资料查找。
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