Construction and Restoration Strategies of Green Infrastructure Network in Mountainous Counties Based on Multi-Source Data: A Case Study of Wanzhou District, Chongqing
Received date: 2023-04-23
Revised date: 2023-08-14
Online published: 2024-02-08
The conflict between ecological protection and town development is particularly pronounced in mountainous towns with fragile ecological environments and constrained construction conditions. Cross-scale Green Infrastructure (GI) is characterized by a balance between ecological protection and human needs. The establishment of a county-level GI network can provide a shared basic framework for the development and biological conservation of mountainous towns. The Wanzhou District of Chongqing has the typical characteristics of a southwestern mountain town with ecological problems such as habitat fragmentation and reduced disturbance resistance. This study was based on the biological flow process, guided by geometric morphology, circuit, and graph theory, and it followed the logic of "hubs, links, and pinch points". First, the morphological spatial pattern analysis method was applied to identify the GI network hubs, and their importance was classified according to the current-flow betweenness centrality index. Next, an ecological resistance surface was established based on multi-source data, and the minimum cumulative resistance model was applied to identify the links. It also calculated their importance and ranked them based on the average resistance, path length, and average value of the connected hubs. Subsequently, the current-flow density distribution was analyzed, and ecological pinch points were extracted in conjunction with the links. According to the results, the GI network of Wanzhou District contains 42 hubs with an area of 996.35 km2, accounting for 28.83% of the total study area. The hubs were generally dense in the east and sparse in the west, forming a pattern of "one screen, three belts, and scattered distribution." Among them, the GI network hubs formed by the Fangdou-Qiyao Mountain group and the Yangtze River and its coastal green areas are of the greatest importance, followed by the Tiefeng Mountain, Dengfeng Reservoir, and the central-eastern forest areas, whereas the small patches scattered in the central southwest-northeast oriented valleys are of the least importance. Additionally, 80 links were identified with a total length of 292.97 km, with long paths and low importance in the eastern region and short paths and high importance in the western region. Furthermore, 142 ecological pinch points were extracted, accounting for 9.60% of the corridor length dominated by land-use types of farmlands (55.89%) and woodlands (35.71%); pinch points were mainly concentrated in the east, which is the key area in guaranteeing the ecological stability of the county GI network. Finally, this study proposes zoning, grading, and precise protection and restoration strategies based on the relative importance of hubs and links and the land-use types of ecological pinch-point areas. These strategies provide a scientific basis for decision-making to coordinate the conservation and development needs of mountain towns.
Ziming Wang , Liang Lyu , Feng Wang . Construction and Restoration Strategies of Green Infrastructure Network in Mountainous Counties Based on Multi-Source Data: A Case Study of Wanzhou District, Chongqing[J]. Tropical Geography, 2024 , 44(2) : 303 -314 . DOI: 10.13284/j.cnki.rddl.003777
表1 研究中的多源数据精度及来源Table 1 Multi-source data accuracy and source in the research |
数据类型 | 数据时间 | 空间分辨率 | 数据来源 |
---|---|---|---|
土地利用数据 | 2020年 | 30 m | 国家基础地理信息中心-全球地理信息公共产品 (http://www.globeland30.org/) |
ASTER GDEMV3 30 m分辨率 数字高程数据 | 2009年 | 30 m | 地理空间数据云(https://www.gscloud.cn/) |
Landsat 8 OLI_TIRS 卫星数字产品 | 2021年 | 30 m(云量<10) | |
路网数据(公路和铁路) | 2020年 | — | Open Street Map |
夜间灯光数据 | 2020年 | 15arc sec (约475 m) | 地球观测组织Earth Observation Group (https://eogdata.mines.edu/products/vnl/) |
POI数据 | 2022年 | — | 百度地图 |
行政边界数据 | 2019年 | — | 重庆市国土空间总体规划(2021—2035年)(公示版)图册(https://www.cq.gov.cn/zwgk/zfxxgkml/zdjcygk/zdjcyjzj/202105/t20210527_11479457.html) |
表2 不同土地利用类型的基准阻力值Table 2 Baseline resistance values for different land use types |
土地利用类型 | 阻力值 |
---|---|
林地 | 10 |
灌木地 | 20 |
草地 | 30 |
湿地 | 50 |
水体 | 60 |
耕地 | 80 |
人造地表 | 100 |
表3 研究区生态阻力因子及权重Table 3 Ecological resistance factors and weights in the study area |
阻力因子 | 权重 |
---|---|
土地利用类型 | 0.12 |
植被覆盖度(NDVI) | 0.15 |
人口密度 | 0.14 |
路网密度 | 0.17 |
夜间灯光密度 | 0.08 |
地形坡度 | 0.10 |
地形起伏度 | 0.11 |
POI密度 | 0.13 |
表4 MSPA划分景观要素的分类统计Table 4 Classification statistics of landscape elements classified by MSPA method |
景观类型 | 面积/km2 | 占研究区面积比例/% | 占“前景”面积比例/% |
---|---|---|---|
核心 | 1 125.43 | 32.56 | 79.01 |
孤岛 | 3.43 | 0.10 | 0.24 |
孔隙 | 50.65 | 1.47 | 3.56 |
边缘 | 185.83 | 5.38 | 13.05 |
环道 | 2.88 | 0.08 | 0.20 |
桥接 | 16.36 | 0.47 | 1.15 |
支线 | 39.12 | 1.13 | 2.75 |
图5 研究区各项阻力因子统计(a. 土地利用类型;b. 植被覆盖度NDVI;c. 地形坡度;d. 地形起伏度;e. 路网密度;f. 人口密度;g. 夜间灯光密度;h. POI密度)和综合阻力面(i)Fig.5 Statistics of each resistance factor (a. land-use type; b. NDVI; c. slope; d. topographic relief; e. road density; f. population density; g. light density; h. POI density) and integrated resistance surface (i) in the study area |
1 《万州区国土空间总体规划(2021—2035)》(公示版). http://www.wz.gov.cn/hdjl_266/yjzj/detail.html?id=2062。
2 “两山理论”,即绿水青山就是金山银山,强调经济发展和环境保护双赢,构建经济与环境协同共进的地球家园。
3 “一干”指长江,“九支”指普里河、苎溪河、大周溪、五桥河、新田河、瀼渡河、石桥河、磨刀溪、泥溪河等主要长江支流。
4 详见《万州区国土空间总体规划(2021—2035)》(公示版). http://www.wz.gov.cn/hdjl_266/yjzj/detail.html?id=2062。
汪子茗:确定总体研究思路,负责论文撰写、修改与校对,参与数据分析;
吕 梁:数据收集、处理与分析,论文修改;
汪 峰:选题及思路、框架,指导论文写作与修改。
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