Spatial Structure and Border-Effect Measurement of Transportation-Flow Network in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area
Received date: 2022-11-30
Revised date: 2023-11-30
Online published: 2024-05-08
Owing to historical reasons, the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA) features a unique "one country, two systems" institutional framework. Facilitating the integration and connectivity of transportation among Hong Kong, Macao, and the Mainland is crucial for the high-quality development of the GBA. Previous studies about borders have primarily focused on national (supranational) or administrative boundaries within a country's territory. However, studies on the unique institutional differences in the GBA are insufficient. Additionally, most studies do not perform dynamic border effects measurements using big traffic flow data. This study utilizes toll-collection data from highways in the GBA for 2021 and 2023, as well as cross-border traffic data, to construct a traffic-flow network for the GBA. Complex network analysis and border-effect measurement methods are employed to investigate the spatial structure of the GBA traffic-flow network and its dynamic changes in border effects. The results indicate that, in terms of the overall spatial structure of traffic flow in the GBA, the network exhibits a unique "dual-core edge" structure, with the Guangzhou-Foshan, and Shenzhen-Dongguan-Huizhou regions serving as dual cores. In contrast, the overall coverage and connectivity strength of the passenger-flow network are higher than those of the freight-flow network. Regarding the dynamic changes in the spatial structure of traffic flow from Hong Kong and Macao, the coverage and density of the traffic-flow network in 2023 are significantly higher than those in 2021. Traffic flows from Hong Kong and Macao have begun to extend beyond the border toward the northern regions, thus accelerating the integration of transportation within the GBA and forming a spatial pattern of "cross-strait connectivity and all-area interconnection." However, because of their peripheral positions in the traffic network and the presence of border effects, the importance of Hong Kong and Macao in the GBA traffic-flow network remains relatively weak. Based on the dynamic measurement results of border effects, the obstruction coefficients between Hong Kong and the Mainland, as well as between Macao and the Mainland, are significantly higher than those between various counties within the Mainland. The obstruction coefficients for passenger vehicles are generally lower than those for freight vehicles. Following the outbreak of the pandemic, the obstruction coefficients of the GBA traffic-flow network have increased dynamically, thus indicating a reduction in obstructive border effects. This study expands the quantitative research framework of border effects in traffic-flow networks, thus promoting integrated transportation development in the GBA and facilitating its integration development goals.
Qitao Wu . Spatial Structure and Border-Effect Measurement of Transportation-Flow Network in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area[J]. Tropical Geography, 2024 , 44(5) : 783 -793 . DOI: 10.13284/j.cnki.rddl.003875
表1 2021和2023年整体网络密度和平均聚类系数对比Table 1 Comparison of network density and average clustering coefficient in 2021 and 2023 |
| 时间 | 网络密度 | 平均聚类系数 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 全类车 | 客流 | 货流 | 全类车 | 客流 | 货流 | ||
| 2021年 | 0.943 1 | 0.919 6 | 0.869 4 | 1 177.842 | 938.381 | 350.316 | |
| 2023年 | 0.971 8 | 0.967 1 | 0.893 3 | 1 233.632 | 986.092 | 350.946 | |
图2 粤港澳大湾区交通流网络点度数分布(a. 客车;b. 货车)Fig.2 Degree distribution of traffic flow network in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (a. passenger vehicles; b. freight vehicles) |
表2 因子系数计算结果Table 2 Calculation results of factor coefficients |
| 计算因子 | 2021年 | 2023年 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 客车 | 货车 | 全类型车 | 客车 | 货车 | 全类型车 | ||
| K(常量) | 6.781(0) | 7.439(0) | 7.88 (0) | 7.761(0) | 6.839(0) | 8.112(0) | |
| α(GDP/亿元) | -0.705 4(0.04) | -2.116 0(0) | -0.975 5(0.007) | -0.582 4(0.02) | -0.759 7(0.004) | -0.556 1(0.025) | |
| β(常住人口/百万) | 0.148 6(0) | 0.184 6(0) | 0.167 5(0) | 0.154 5(0) | 0.156 4(0) | 0.155 3(0) | |
| γ(空间距离/km) | -0.022 0(0) | -0.019 0(0) | -0.019 0(0) | -0.019 0(0) | -0.023 0(0) | -0.020 0(0) | |
| δ(时间距离/h) | -0.006 0(0.925) | -0.072 0(0.3) | -0.063 0(0.357) | -0.073 0(0.216) | 0.032 0(0.602) | -0.036 0(0.53) | |
| ε(空间邻接) | 1.103 0(0) | 1.205 0(0) | 1.153 0(0) | 1.145 0(0) | 1.050 0(0) | 1.112 0(0) | |
| (跨境度量) | -3.051 0(0) | -4.489 0(0) | -3.727 0(0) | -2.754 0(0) | -2.400 0(0) | -2.569 0(0) | |
| F(自由度) | 459.743 | 428.938 | 419.646 | 518.772 | 517.539 | 543.025 | |
| P(显著性) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| R 2 | 0.691 | 0.673 | 0.667 | 0.711 | 0.713 | 0.72 | |
|
表3 内地和港澳间交通流阻碍系数Table 3 The traffic congestion coefficient between Hong Kong, Macao and China's Mainland |
| 地区间联系 | 2021年 | 2023年 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 客车 | 货车 | 全类型车 | 客车 | 货车 | 全类型车 | ||
| 全网络 | 17.94 | 36.01 | 34.10 | 3.20 | 32.73 | 10.54 | |
| 香港―内地 | 29.82 | 326.35 | 116.09 | 17.70 | 78.67 | 37.17 | |
| 澳门―内地 | 360.57 | 176.41 | 225.27 | 9.20 | 188.25 | 33.97 | |
| 内地―内地 | 6.55 | 20.31 | 23.88 | 2.36 | 25.57 | 8.52 | |

1 https://research.hktdc.com/sc/article/MzYzMDE5NzQ5
2 https://news.cctv.com/2023/07/01/ARTItHG8vG1p48lGxXw46Lxk230701.shtml
3 香港统计数据来源:香港统计年刊. https://www.censtatd.gov.hk/sc/EIndexbySubject.html?scode=460&pcode=B1010003
4 澳门统计数据来源:澳门统计年鉴. https://www.dsec.gov.mo/zh-CN/Home/Publication/YearbookOfStatistics
感谢两位审稿专家对论文提出的修改意见以进一步提升论文学术性。感谢李苑君博士协助制图,感谢杨昀昊、李苑庭协助数据分析,感谢陈嘉璇协助收集整理数据。参考文献(References):
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