Passenger Flow Classification and Spatial Distribution Based on Transfer Time Cost: A Case Study of Xiamen City
Received date: 2023-08-16
Revised date: 2024-01-09
Online published: 2024-05-08
Implementing preferential policies for bus transfers is an important measure for promoting the development of public transportation. Although public transportation extends the travel time of passengers, the preferential policies reduce the travel costs to a certain extent. On the basis of IC card data of public transport, an income method model was constructed to evaluate the cost of passenger flow transfer time after the implementation of the preferential transfer policy in Xiamen and compare it with the reduced fees due to the policy regulations. To better assess the overall benefit of bus transfer travel, the transfer passenger flow was divided into four categories: transfer zero cost passenger flow, transfer additional cost passenger flow, transfer extra time cost passenger flow, and transfer extra time+cost passenger flow. The spatial distribution characteristics of various types of passenger flow are analyzed from five aspects: station, line, traffic area, density of travel starting and ending points, commuting and non-commuting of travel. With regard to stations, a large number of different types of passenger flowed into the area centered on Yueyang Community. As regards route, No. 24 mainly gathered a large number of different types of passenger flows. As regards transportation areas, numerous different types of passenger flows gathered in the transportation communities around the subway and the island's Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) lines. In terms of OD point density, each station of Rail Line 1 and the BRT stations had large numbers of passengers at the starting or ending points. In terms of commuting and non-commuting behaviors, the activity range of various passenger flows during commuting was smaller, the span was shorter, and the cross-island passenger flow was relatively small. In contrast, the passenger flow during non-commuting behavior showed a more evident cross-island trend, and the span was generally longer. This study devised a new passenger flow classification method to evaluate the effectiveness of a preferential policy for bus transfers. Further, it affords a reference for public transport operators to better comprehend the needs and behaviors of passengers and accordingly formulate more effective policies and measures.
Jialin Liu , Yue'er Gao , Ruizhen Qi . Passenger Flow Classification and Spatial Distribution Based on Transfer Time Cost: A Case Study of Xiamen City[J]. Tropical Geography, 2024 , 44(5) : 921 -937 . DOI: 10.13284/j.cnki.rddl.003877
表1 厦门市公共交通出行各换乘方式客流情况Table 1 Passenger flow of different transfer modes of public transport in Xiamen City |
| 换乘方式 | 11月客流量/人次 | 12月客流量/人次 |
|---|---|---|
| 合计 | 2 868 975 | 2 340 534 |
| 常规公交自换乘 | 2 645 559 | 1 541 499 |
| 地铁换乘常规公交 | 0 | 158 027 |
| BRT换乘常规公交 | 137 999 | 210 650 |
| 地铁换乘BRT | 0 | 31 096 |
| 常规公交换乘BRT | 85 417 | 175 874 |
| 常规公交换乘地铁 | 0 | 193 468 |
| BRT换乘地铁 | 0 | 29 920 |
|
表2 客流通勤属性样例Table 2 Sample commuter attributes of passenger flow |
| IC卡编号 | 上车时间/s | 通勤属性 |
|---|---|---|
| 12437*** | 45 892 | 0 |
| 10995*** | 61 845 | 1 |
| 11444*** | 61 913 | 1 |
| 17279*** | 53 147 | 0 |
| 20964*** | 26 725 | 1 |
| 17262*** | 22 124 | 0 |
|
表3 换乘时间成本计算结果Table 3 Calculation results of transfer time value |
| 出行目的 | 换乘金额/元 | 换乘方式 | 客流量/人次 | 平均换乘时间成本/元 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 通勤 出行 | =0 | 常规公交 | 580 677 | 3.60 |
| BRT | 3 207 | 5.17 | ||
| 地铁 | 0 | — | ||
| >0 | 常规公交 | 119 020 | 4.96 | |
| BRT | 88 242 | 3.80 | ||
| 地铁 | 84 232 | 3.61 | ||
| 非通勤 出行 | =0 | 常规公交 | 996 018 | 0.99 |
| BRT | 8 249 | 1.13 | ||
| 地铁 | 0 | — | ||
| >0 | 常规公交 | 214 461 | 1.27 | |
| BRT | 107 272 | 1.12 | ||
| 地铁 | 139 156 | 0.97 |

1 K-means++算法是一种以K-means聚类算法为基础的改进算法,其主要在初始化簇中心的方式上做了改进,其他地方同K-means聚类算法一致(Abiodun et al., 2023)。
刘佳林:论文撰写与修改、数据处理、图件与表格绘制;
高悦尔:论文框架、研究思路及方法指导、论文审阅;
齐瑞臻:数据处理提供支持,提出修改意见。
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