Structure of Spatial Correlation Network and Influencing Factors of Urban-Rural Integration in China
Received date: 2023-09-02
Revised date: 2023-11-20
Online published: 2025-01-06
Urban-rural integration is a necessary way to realize the strategy of rural revitalization in the new era, and exploring the characteristics of the spatial correlation network of China's urban-rural integration and its formation mechanism is important for developing a comprehensive understanding of the spatial transmission mechanism of interregional urban-rural integration and provides a new policy perspective for the synergistic enhancement of the urban-rural integration level in each province. Based on China's interprovincial panel data from 2001 to 2021, the entropy method was applied to measure China's interprovincial urban-rural integration level, and the modified gravity model and social network analysis were used to explore the structural characteristics of China's spatial correlation network of urban-rural integration and its influencing factors. The results revealed the following: 1) During the study period, the level of China's interprovincial urban-rural integration showed an increasing trend, but the process of improvement was slow. Spatially, it showed a decreasing gradient from east to west, but the gap between the interprovincial urban-rural integration level gradually narrowed, with obvious spatial non-equilibrium. 2) China's urban-rural integration spatial association network became increasingly dense, complex, and close, and the main linkage flows of urban-rural integration occurred between geographically neighboring provinces and cities, such as Shanghai-Jiangsu, Shanghai-Zhejiang, and Beijing-Tianjin. The network connection was heterogeneous, and the network showed the characteristic of growth. However, the spatial connection of urban-rural integration did not reach the best level, and there is still much room for improvement. 3) Geospatial proximity, differences in the level of economic development, and urbanization had a significant positive effect on the optimization and evolution of the spatial linkage network of urban-rural integration, while differences in agricultural modernization and differences in advanced industrial structure showed a stage-by-stage effect over time. Differences in the scale of financial services did not have a significant effect. Accordingly, this study proposes countermeasures to optimize the spatial correlation network of urban-rural integration in China. Theoretically, it helps to deepen knowledge of the spatial effect and regional transmission of urban-rural integration in the geographical perspective. In practice, optimizing interprovincial urban-rural interaction and promoting cross-regional urban-rural integration development in a scientific and rational way are highly significant.
Kai Wang , Meilun Liu , Jiaxin Tan , Chang Gan . Structure of Spatial Correlation Network and Influencing Factors of Urban-Rural Integration in China[J]. Tropical Geography, 2025 , 45(1) : 66 -79 . DOI: 10.13284/j.cnki.rddl.20230678
表1 城乡融合水平评价指标体系Table 1 Evaluation indicator system of urban-rural integration level |
维度 | 指标 | 指标计算 | 单位 | 类型 | 属性 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
人口 融合 | 非农与农业从业比 | 二三产就业比/一产就业比 | % | 对比 | + |
城乡就业反差系数 | 城乡居民就业占比差 | % | 对比 | - | |
城乡教育反差系数 | 城乡初中以上文化程度人员差 | 万人 | 对比 | - | |
人口城镇化水平 | 城镇人口/总人口 | % | 状态 | + | |
空间 融合 | 建成区面积比 | 建成区面积/土地总面积 | % | 状态 | + |
城乡土地配置 | 农地播种面积/建成区面积 | % | 动力 | + | |
城乡空间流通网络 | (公路运营里程+铁路运营里程)/土地总面积 | km/km2 | 状态 | + | |
城乡空间流通主体 | 旅客周转量 | 亿人公里 | 动力 | + | |
城乡空间流通媒介 | 私人汽车拥有量/总人口 | 辆/人 | 动力 | + | |
城乡信息通达性 | 互联网上网人数/总人口 | % | 综合 | + | |
经济 融合 | 城乡人均收入比 | 城镇人均可支配收入/农村人均可支配收入 | % | 对比 | - |
城乡人均工资性收入比 | 城镇人均工资性收入/农村人均工资性收入 | % | 对比 | - | |
城乡人均消费支出比 | 城镇人均消费支出/农村人均消费支出 | % | 对比 | - | |
城乡恩格尔系数比 | 城镇恩格尔系数/农村恩格尔系数 | % | 对比 | + | |
二元对比系数 | (第一产业增加值/第一产业从业人员数)/(第二、三产业 增加值/第二、三产业从业人员数) | % | 对比 | + | |
非农产值与农业产值比 | 第二、三产业增加值/第一产业增加值 | % | 对比 | + | |
社会 融合 | 城乡交通通讯比 | 城镇人均交通通讯支出/农村人均交通通讯支出 | % | 对比 | - |
城乡文教娱乐比 | 城镇人均文教娱乐支出/农村人均文教娱乐支出 | % | 对比 | - | |
城乡医疗保健比 | 城镇人均医疗保健支出/农村人均医疗保健支出 | % | 对比 | - | |
城乡中小学师生比之比 | (城镇中小学教师数/学生数)/(农村中小教师数/学生数) | % | 对比 | - | |
城乡每千人拥有卫生技术人员数比 | 城镇每千人口拥有卫生技术人员数/农村每千人口拥有 卫生技术人员数 | % | 对比 | - | |
城乡每千人拥有医院卫生院床位数之比 | 城镇每千人拥有医院卫生院床位数/农村每千人拥有 医院卫生院床位数 | % | 对比 | - | |
城乡养老保险覆盖系数 | 养老保险人数/总人口 | % | 动力 | + | |
城乡失业保险覆盖系数 | 失业参保人数/总人口 | % | 动力 | + | |
生态 环境 融合* | 城乡生态绿化 | 森林覆盖率 | % | 状态 | + |
城乡垃圾处理 | 生活垃圾无害化处理率 | % | 综合 | + | |
城乡固体废物污染 | 工业固体废弃产生量 | 万t | 动力 | - | |
城乡空气质量 | 单位土地面积PM2.5质量浓度 | μg/m³ | 动力 | - | |
城乡水体污染 | 工业废水排放量 | 万t | 动力 | - | |
每千公顷化肥施用量 | 化肥施用量/耕地灌溉面积 | 万t/103hm2 | 动力 | - |
*注:城乡生态环境融合维度因城乡绿化面积难以获取,加之环境污染具有负外部性,难以区分城乡,因此选取“总量指标”衡量城乡生态本底、环境改善能力及环境污染现状。 |
表2 城乡融合空间关联网络结构影响因素的QAP回归分析Table 2 QAP regression analysis of factors influencing spatial correlation network of urban-rural integration |
影响因素 | 2001年 | 2006年 | 2011年 | 2016年 | 2021年 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
地理空间邻近 | 0.196*** | 0.216*** | 0.295*** | 0.266*** | 0.279*** |
经济发展水平差异 | 0.603*** | 0.548*** | 0.443*** | 0.449*** | 0.427*** |
城镇化水平差异 | 0.045 | 0.210** | 0.389*** | 0.427*** | 0.543** |
产业结构高级化差异 | 0.052 | 0.074* | -0.013 | 0.006 | 0.100* |
农业现代化差异 | 0.078* | -0.039 | -0.198*** | -0.190*** | -0.255*** |
金融规模差异 | 0.023 | -0.017 | 0.043 | -0.004 | -0.084 |
截距项 | -0.074 | -0.083 | -0.080 | -0.106 | -0.103 |
R 2 | 0.272 | 0.319 | 0.346 | 0.352 | 0.344 |
调整后R 2 | 0.268 | 0.315 | 0.343 | 0.349 | 0.340 |
P值 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
重复迭代次数 | 2000 | 2000 | 2000 | 2000 | 2000 |
观察值 | 930 | 930 | 930 | 930 | 930 |
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1 《中国教育统计年鉴》与《中国城市建设统计年鉴》标注年份即为实际数据年份;其余年鉴实际数据为标注年份的上一年。
2 https://sites.wustl.edu/acag/datasets/surface-pm2-5/
王 凯:设定论文框架,把握论文进度;
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甘 畅:完善研究框架。
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