Exploration of Landscape Spatial Imagery in the Jiufeng Area of Songjiang, Shanghai, Based on Digital Humanities Technology
Received date: 2024-03-19
Revised date: 2024-06-25
Online published: 2025-03-22
Songjiang is often referred to as the "Cultural Root of Shanghai," with its rich history and cultural heritage playing a notable role in the region. Among its natural resources, Jiufeng stands out as the only mountain and forest resource in Songjiang, celebrating its unique natural beauty since the Yuan Dynasty. Over the centuries, Jiufeng has become one of the most renowned scenic spots in the Jiangnan region. Even today, it remains a crucial landmark for showcasing the local mountain and forest landscapes. The primary objective of this study was to conduct an in-depth exploration of the spatial imagery associated with the Jiufeng area. By identifying and understanding the unique landscape features of Jiufeng, this study aimed to reveal its historical appearance, thereby contributing to the preservation and development of traditional mountain and forest landscape culture of China. This study leverages rich historical and geographical information as well as spatial imagery embedded in classical Chinese poetry. Specifically, this study focuses on 639 poems on the Jiufeng area from the Yuan, Ming, and Qing dynasties. Utilizing digital humanities techniques, this study extracted landscape elements and emotional expressions from these poems, which were then synthesized into the overall spatial imagery of the Jiufeng landscape. The research findings reveal three key insights regarding the landscape imagery of the Jiufeng area in Songjiang, Shanghai. 1) The landscape features of Jiufeng can be categorized into two primary aspects: natural and cultural elements. Natural landscape elements, such as mountains, rivers, and forests dominate both in quantity and variety, indicating their notable role in the minds of local poets. These natural elements are not only abundant, but also prominently featured in poetic descriptions, far surpassing the depictions of cultural landscapes. Among cultural elements, architectural features are the most frequently portrayed. These structures, often closely connected to the historical and cultural heritage of the region, serve as important vessels for the emotional expressions of poets. 2) The emotional tone of the poems about Jiufeng is predominantly characterized by neutral and positive sentiments. This study identified a diverse range of emotions within the texts, with "joy," "ease," "nostalgia," and "sorrow" being the most commonly expressed emotions. Notably, the emotions of "nostalgia," "serenity," and "regret" are the most frequently mentioned, suggesting that poets often employed neutral and positive feelings to convey their experiences and reflections on the Jiufeng landscape. 3) The research culminates in the identification of five distinctive landscape imagery categories associated with the Jiufeng area. These categories are: "Autumn Moon Boating," which captures the dynamic and vibrant water scenes, depicting how people in ancient times enjoyed boating and frolicking under the moonlight; "Leisurely Seclusion," which reflects the role of Jiufeng as a place of retreat, where individuals could enjoy a tranquil and peaceful lifestyle; "Reflections on Song Mountain" and "Mountain Recollections," which highlight the cultural significance of Jiufeng as a site where scholars engaged in literary and artistic pursuits; and "Huating Scenery," which encapsulates the natural beauty of Jiufeng, expressing the deep admiration of poets for its picturesque landscapes. This study offers new perspectives for deepening the understanding of the Jiangnan Mountain and forest landscapes in the Jiufeng area of Songjiang through its methodologies and findings. First, the application of digital humanities techniques to analyze a large volume of text enhances research efficiency and provides more accurate results. Second, by analyzing the compositional elements of landscape imagery in the Jiufeng area, this study identified unique aspects of the landscapes of the region that serve as valuable reference materials for contemporary landscape designers. In summary, this research not only enriches the theoretical knowledge in this field, but also provides valuable guidance for practical applications, contributing to the advancement of high-quality landscape development.
Xiaolan Tang , Jiaqi Xu . Exploration of Landscape Spatial Imagery in the Jiufeng Area of Songjiang, Shanghai, Based on Digital Humanities Technology[J]. Tropical Geography, 2025 , 45(3) : 449 -459 . DOI: 10.13284/j.cnki.rddl.20240154
表1 物象分类与词频统计Table 1 Object classification and word frequency statistics |
物象类型分类(频次/次) | 九峰整体物象分类(频次/次) | |
---|---|---|
自然景观物象 | 天景(943) | 晨昏(265)、风烟(222)、四季(166)、云霞(159)、细雨(99)、霜露(32) |
地景(779) | 山峰(598)、岩石(62)、稻田(51)、崖壁(39)、洞穴(29) | |
水景(567) | 江河(188)、流泉(103)、水潭(84)、波涛(59)、湖泊(58)、滨岸(51)、芳洲(24) | |
生景(533) | 林木(197)、茂林(90)、群芳(80)、鹤鸟(77)、水草(45)、绿苔(26)、鱼类(18) | |
共计(2 822) | ||
人文景观物象 | 建筑(737) | 船只(181)、居室(222)、村落(96)、寺院(62)、亭台楼阁(58)、高塔(45)、坟冢(39)、遗迹(34) |
人物(286) | 贤才(78)、宾朋(78)、高士(51)、农户(51)、仙翁(28) | |
声景(99) | 歌声(39)、竹乐(26)、鹤唳(19)、钟声(15) | |
道路(75) | 小径(41)、平桥(24)、台阶(10) | |
共计(1 197) |
表2 词向量参数值Table 2 Values of word vector parameters |
参数 | 含义 | 设定值 |
---|---|---|
window | 句中预测词与当前词的最大距离 | 3 |
vector_size | 所得词向量维度 | 150 |
min-count | 最小词频训练的阈值,若词频小于 该阈值的词将不会被训练 | 1 |
sg | 词向量训练时所用模型,CBOW为1,Skipgram为0 | 0 |
workers | 线程数 | 64 |
epochs | 训练迭代次数 | 200 |
表3 意象分类、组成与来源分析Table 3 Image classification, composition and source analysis |
景观空间意象 | 物象组成 | 情感组成 | 标准化中心度雷达图 (占比/%) | 意象来源分析 |
---|---|---|---|---|
秋 月 泛 舟 | 自然景观物象: 江流、明月、细雨、秋日、水潭、波涛、滨岸等 | 主要情感:无 次要情感:欢欣(积极情感) | ![]() | 1. 秋夜泛舟,观山览水:“中宵急艇冲寒宿,数里惊涛带月来。……棹歌到处横江发,风壑清秋奏响哀。”(《泛泖》) 2. 与客泛舟,肆意同乐:“凤凰山下凤凰桥,与客移舟自海潮。……四时得意真行乐,一榻高眠慰久要。”(《八月九日月夜泊舟凤凰桥》) 3. 遥看山水,平江对月:“夜静山空月倍明,看山对月有余情。一轮艳彩河边转,数点螺鬟天际青。”(《山月轩》) |
人文景观物象:船只、 宾朋、亭台、 歌声等 | ||||
闲 适 幽 居 | 自然景观物象:稻田 | 主要情感: 平静(中性情感); 洒脱、悠然(积极 情感) 次要情感: 豪迈(积极情感) | ![]() | 1. 岩居川观,淡薄超然:常有玉晨资赉十,未闻石户羡徵三。北来门外维船只惯,不为乘风利涉贪豪迈。(《赠陈仲醇徵君东佘山居诗三十首·其二十四》) 2. 田园风光,野村逸趣:为爱横山山水清,山前筑室小溪萦。老夫枕石看云卧,儿辈求田候雨耕。(《徙居横山口号》) |
人文景观物象:故居、 茅屋、南村、衣冠、酒水 | ||||
松 山 感 怀 | 自然景观物象:山麓、 东佘山居、松树 | 主要情感: 惋惜(消极情感) 次要情感:无 | ![]() | 1. 故里风烟,逝去难返:“钟牙缅邈别家惭,试向瑶琴古调参。怀友经春哦渭北,教儿当日笑城南。”(《赠陈仲醇徵君东佘山居诗三十首·其十六》 2. 结庐人境,清净平远:山开窈窕藏书洞,径翳荒榛避诏岩。老衲或来煨榾柮,橐驼尝倩护松杉。(《赠陈仲醇徵君东佘山居诗三十首·其二》) |
人文景观物象:陈仲醇 | ||||
山 间 怀 想 | 自然景观物象:山峰、 云影、岩石、茂林、烟霭、晴日、春日、鹤鸟等 | 主要情感: 思怀(中性情感); 忧愁(消极情感) 次要情感: 喜爱(积极情感); 悲伤、凄凉 (消极情感) | ![]() | 1. 抚今追昔,怀忆贤俊:“顾瞻山中云,遥睇月外树。缅怀陶公诗,临风起遐慕。”(《夜过凤凰山》) 2. 怀乡思旧,忧上心头:“故乡一片山林趣,写寄高斋慰别离。”(《题枯木竹石寄赠司训陈仲仁》) 3. 天光山色,情有独钟:“为爱云山搆小楼,看山看云今白头。山形起伏只如旧,云湿云晴知几秋。”(《题云山楼》) |
人文景观物象: 亭台、遗迹 | ||||
华 亭 山 水 | 自然景观物象: 溪流、山谷、昆山 | 主要情感:无 | ![]() | 1. 昆山怀玉,今再难觅:故物一已尽,嗟此岁年深。野桃自著花,荒棘自生针。芊芊谷水阳,郁郁昆山阴。俛仰但如昨,游者不可寻。(《次韵唐彦猷华亭十咏 其八 陆机宅》) 2. 林泉探幽,景色怡人:沈沈香刹缘林出,杳杳茶烟隔涧浮。好共携筛陟层峨,红泉碧磴细探幽。(《同周梦兰放舟至横云山》) |
人文景观物象:无 |
1 https://github.com/Werneror/Poetry
唐晓岚:论文选题、研究设计、指导论文修改、基金支持;
徐嘉绮:数据分析、图表绘制、论文撰写与修改。
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