Mechanisms of Cyberspace's Influence on Real Space: A Case Study of Wuzhen's Mu Xin Spatial Production
Received date: 2025-03-02
Revised date: 2025-06-18
Online published: 2025-08-11
In the era of the deeply mediated internet, cyberspace has evolved into a field of human activity and practice that is as important as physical reality. However, theoretical explorations and empirical research on how cyberspace dynamically shapes, reconfigures, and even produces real spaces remain weak. This study takes the special cultural phenomenon of famous writer and artist Mu Xin (1927-2011) as an entry point to explore the generation and spatial effects of his atypical "literary icon" as a person who became famous overseas and returned to China in his later years but became "popular" in the mainland cyberspace. The study is based on Edward Soja's "third space" theoretical framework, which views cyberspace as a "third space" of ontological significance full of power games and social construction. Using a combination of online and field research, this study analyzed how Mu Xin, who became famous overseas, was shaped into an atypical "netizen" by the cyberspace in the mainland, and how he transposed from the cyberspace to the real space and played a unique role in the evolution of the real space in Wuzhen. The findings suggest that: firstly, five subjects of power in cyberspace made Mu Xin a "literary icon" that resonates with the general public, and this power will further reconfigure the real space associated with him; secondly, the influence of cyberspace on real space includes geographic reconfiguration, power reconfiguration, and poetic construction. Third, the power of cyberspace to transform real space lies in the imaginative space constructed by people with poetic colors, as well as in the economic and brand value of literary icons. Overall, this study strongly argues for the subjectivity of cyberspace in the production of space in contemporary society. Cyberspace is no longer just a virtual reflection or accessory of real space but a dynamic and productive space with its own logic, capable of profoundly and multidimensionally reconfiguring the real space associated with it through complex symbolic practices, power operations, and collective imaginaries. The research significantly expands the boundaries of the application of the "third space" theory in the digital age, effectively transferring its core insights to the analysis of cyberspace, and revealing how cyberspace, as a "third space," is specifically involved in the "spatial production" of real space. In addition, it reveals how cyberspace as a "third space" is specifically involved in the "spatial production" of real space. Concurrently, this research deepens the exploration of media geography and empirically demonstrates that cyberspace is not only a carrier of spatial representation but also a key field and driving engine of spatial production.
Key words: Third Space; cyberspace production; real space; literary icon; media geography; Wuzhen; Mu Xin
Xuanning Li , Gaojun Zhang . Mechanisms of Cyberspace's Influence on Real Space: A Case Study of Wuzhen's Mu Xin Spatial Production[J]. Tropical Geography, 2025 , 45(8) : 1461 -1472 . DOI: 10.13284/j.cnki.rddl.20250111
1 出版时间为1974年,此处参考2021年出版的中译本。
2 现存于乌镇木心美术馆。
3 该作品名为《哥伦比亚的倒影》,2006年由广西师范大学出版社出版。
4 百度搜索指数显示,“木心”在2015-02-19达到峰值12 382人次,2015年至今的日均搜索指数为1 800人次,较2015年以前的939人次有大幅度提升,而关于木心的新闻资讯报道数量在2023年2月至今出现指数级增长,日均值达到118 549篇,峰值达到396 577篇。
5 以微博为例,2024-06-28—07-27,木心主题原创微博29.4万条,日均1万条。
6 https://www.ixigua.com/7344188764942106643?wid_try=1
7 对木心美术馆工作人员访谈时了解到,木心早年曾拒绝了大量媒体采访。
8 木心在文中写道:“永别了,我不会再来”。在同名的诗经体《乌镇》中,木心写道“既见旧里,不我遐弃”。两篇作品都是有感于他1995年短暂回乡看到家乡破败的伤痛感。
9 对木心美术馆工作人员访谈所得。
10 对乌镇旅游开发股份有限公司工作人员访谈所得。
11 据2018年高德地图联合乌镇景区共同发布的《乌镇景区大数据》显示,木心美术馆位列乌镇十大热门景点第一名,木心故居纪念馆位于第六名。
12 据《乌镇景区大数据报告》显示,茅盾故居纪念馆在乌镇热门景点排名中位列第三,其热度和位列第一名的木心美术馆以及第二名的月老庙相比有明显差距。
13 访谈、实地调研所得。
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